Research And Improvement On Credit Rating System Of Small And Medium-sized Enterprises In Chinese Commercial Banks

In stage, the current financial development in our country commercial bank still is the first choice for small and medium-sized enterprise (SMSES) loan object. Based on market supply and demand, on the one hand, SMSES in order to development needs financial support, on the other hand, bank loans in order to adjust the structure need to make loans to SMSES, this is a complementary and win-win situation of supply and demand.But in practice, there is a "difficult bank credit, SMSES’ financing difficult" now. Investigate this reason, in addition to SMSES own development defects, commercial Banks of SMSES’credit rating system is not perfect is also an important reason. Although in recent years, most commercial Banks in China has gradually set up specifically for SMSES’ credit rating system, but the index set, the determination of weight on some deficiencies, and each bank ratings have different standard, the emphasis of the index selection is different. Therefore, the commercial Banks in China the existing SMSES to improve the credit rating system and unity is necessary, it is advantageous to the realization of SMSES’credit rating is highly effective, standardization.Article mainly obtains from the characteristics of SMSES in China, the introduction of domestic commercial Banks to its credit rating system at the same time, finds its shortcomings and need to correct place, and then on the basis of the summary and reference, to build the index system of our country’s SMSES’ credit rating. Articles for SMSES’ credit rating index system is built through the selection of qualitative indicators and quantitative indicators of screening and determination of index weight in three steps, which, according to the characteristic of SMSES and their risk characteristics, selection of14representative qualitative indicator; From the selection of quantitative indicators of solvency, profitability, development ability, operation ability from four aspects for a total of22specific indicators, using cluster analysis method, the random39of the listed SMSES financial data correlation inspection in2011, selected in accordance with SMSES loan "short, frequency and urgent" characteristics of the correlation between indicators, a total of12; Determination of index weight comprehensive using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method and decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL method), using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to determine the importance between the indicators, DEMATEL method to determine the degree of interaction between indicators, combining and influence degree to the importance of the indicators to determine the final index weight.Articles through the existing SMSES in the commercial bank credit rating index system analysis, and improvements on the index system construct, the following conclusions:1SMSES’credit rating of commercial Banks should establish a unified index system. Because Banks index system differences, the same SMSES’rating result difference between the different Banks, differences exist on the one hand makes the SMSES financing in the bank for the rating of the organic, on the other hand, differences or prompted Banks use credit rating, in the market for SMSES financing the use of improper means of competition. Relationship of SMSES and Banks, than large enterprises and the relationship between the bank stability, strong like that, so we will establish a unified and effective for SMSES’credit rating system is very necessary.2In SMSES’credit rating, managers should pay attention to quality and innovation ability of enterprises. In this article concluded that the SMSES’each rating index weights, the management quality and innovation ability of enterprises, especially the innovation output, for a large proportion. For both pay attention to, on the one hand, easier to find the high quality of SMSES, bank to improve the security of loan funds and the effectiveness of collection of payment; On the other hand, in turn, is conducive to SMSES pay attention to these two aspects, in the cultivation of innovative ability, and can enhance the market competitiveness of SMSES, innovation output increased to improve SMSES’profit, make its get larger development space.3On the rating index weight is determined, on the basis of the index between the important degree should also be fully aware of the interaction effect between indicators. Using hierarchical analysis method to determine index weight only considers the indexes of pair-wise comparison between, between the factors important degree, not considering the mutual influence between indicators, the impact indicator shows a drive the other indicators of change, the change of the mutual influence of the variation degree of index weight in essence is a certain correction function. Therefore, combine both indicators between the effect and importance in determining weights of indicators is a more scientific method.Anyhow, for commercial Banks to SMSES’ credit rating index system analysis and research, will help us better understand to the commercial Banks in the problems of SMSES’credit rating, the solution of these problems is beneficial to the further development of commercial Banks and SMSES’relations of cooperation, and ultimately to promote win-win cooperation of both sides.