Measurement On Central China’s"Economic-Social-Ecological"Urbanization Temporal And Spatial Patterns

Through sorting out the concept and Connotation of urbanization in the past, the paper proposed the "economic-social-ecological" urbanization concept. Then based on measurement indices system according to the concept, it used traditional statistical methods (Entropy Method, Standard Deviation, Theil Coefficient) and spatial exploratory data analysis methods with the help of SPSS and ArcGIS technical support to comprehensively measure urbanization temporal and spatial patterns of Central China’s prefecture-level cities from2001to2011. Finally it analyzed all prefecture-level cities’"economic-social-ecological" urbanization coupling coordination by means of coupling coordination function in physics. The results showed that:(1) Urbanization is the rural-to-urban evolving process of human production and way of life, material culture and spiritual culture, the relationship between human and ecological environment caused by social development of material production activities. It is an "economic-social-ecological" Urbanization three in one process. Among that economy is the driving force, social is the subject, and ecological is the foundation. Urbanization is the process that economy, society, ecology influence each other and coordinate organically to achieve the best efficiency and sustainable development of human society.(2) The analysis of weight showed that:From2001to2011Central China’s urbanization had a performance that economic urbanization had a leading role, ecological urbanization was second, the role of social urbanization was the least. Currently Central China’s extensive economic development and low economic benefits had failed to effectively improve the quality of life of people and met the public demand for urban infrastructure and social public services. At the same time local government’s one-sided pursuit of urbanization’s speed leading to bigger urban scale and neglecting the urban environmental pollution brought out by people’s production and life made the three failing to form a positive interaction, which was not conducive to the sustainable development of Central China’s urbanization.(3) The temporal evolution features Central China’s urbanization were as follows:From2001to2011Urbanization’s absolute difference was a undulating "N" shape and the relative difference first rose then fell; The difference in Anhui Province, Jiangxi Province and Henan Province were the main contribution to Central China’s urbanization differences; Global Moran’s I showed that Central China hadn’t formed a clear urbanization high-level gathering area, but the trend was strengthening. Spatial evolution characteristics expressed following aspects:the province urbanization could be considered as a spatial pattern that "Hubei Province, Anhui Province, Jiangxi Province rushed for the first, Shanxi Province fought for the second, Hunan Province and Henan Province were the bottom"; Prefecture-level cities:on one hand above average was generally capital or industrial city which had a spatial distribution feature characteristic that were small accumulation and some scattered, on the other hand low level and below which concentrated spatially contiguous took over the majority; Local Moran’s I of Urbanization index values showed Prefecture-level cities’s urbanization had two obvious levels of "core-edge" spatial structure.(4) Coupling Degree calculation showed that:economic-social urbanization, economic-ecological urbanization, social-ecological urbanization, economic-social-ecological urbanization were antagonistic stage; Coordination Degree:the average of economic-social-ecological urbanization, economic-social urbanization, economic-ecological urbanization, social-ecological of urbanization were0.1511,0.1892,0.1871,0.1793, which were serious imbalance state. These indicated that Central China’s urbanization was not sustainable and failed to achieve economic, social and ecological benefits optimization. Then in accordance with the Coordination Degre among economic urbanization, social urbanization and ecological urbanization, this paper divided all prefecture-level cities into four sorts:Comprehensive-oriented coordination, economic-social-oriented coordination, economy-ecology-oriented coordination, social-ecological-oriented coordination and proposed regulation path so as to promote the coordinated development of Central China’s urbanization.