Research On Employment Of Landless Peasants In The Process Of Urbanization

In the rapid expansion of urbanization and industrialization in our country’s macro background, the urbanization process in Chongqing are also further speed up, the number of land-lost farmers are also increasing. In the fifth census, live in Yanjia Street in Chongqing (formerly Yanjia Town) of the population of28628, before the land the rural population of21184people, accounting for73.99%of the total population. By2011, according to relevant data, since taking home the street number of land-lost farmers in12619people, and to increase the speed of at least1000people a year. How to effectively solve the problem of land-lost farmers employment has become the focus of academic debate, more and more scholars begin to pay close attention to the employment problem of the farmers.This paper argues that although the generation of land-lost farmers is necessary in the process of the modernization of a country or a region as a result, but farmers in land expropriation, lost is not only the land, also lost their jobs, residential house and life insurance. In this way, this means that the farmers lost their survival and development rely on resources, cannot enjoy the benefits of land change use value increased after the. Land-lost farmers, meanwhile, as a vulnerable groups, it is difficult to rely on their own strength in the survival and development of market economy, this can make land-losing farmers appeared a lot of problems in the process of employment. This a series of problems will affect the rapid development of social economy in our country, and even endanger the stability and unity of our country. So, in view of the employment problem of the farmers to carry out special research has very important significance.Based on this, this article obtains from the perspective of the employment theory, research status at home and abroad for reference, formulate the corresponding questionnaire survey analysis, Yanjia Street in Chongqing (formerly Yanjia Town) life and employment status of the farmers field research. After an analysis of survey data, this paper argues that the core factors that affect farmers employment mainly includes: social factors, institutional factors, market factors and personal factors. Based on the established evaluation index system of land-lost farmers employment for the empirical analysis, the empirical results show that the urbanization level, level of economic development, the improvement of the social security system, good household registration system, perfect job placement system, a sound system of land compensation, open channels of employment information intermediaries, comprehensive and effective employment training mechanism is the key to solve the problem of land-lost farmers employment.Finally according to the results, this paper puts forward the following alleviate employment pressure of the land-losing farmers policy Suggestions:(1) building land-lost farmers’ social security system, including establish the housing security system for land-lost farmers, improve the minimum security system for land-lost farmers, improve the old-age security system for land-lost farmers, to set up the medical security system for land-lost farmers;(2) to carry on the system support for land-lost farmers again obtain employment, including perfect land-lost farmers household registration system, establish farmers job placement system, improve the land-lost farmers unemployment compensation mechanism;(3) establish and perfect the Labour market, including the construction of a unified labor market to optimize the employment environment, establish labor market network to implement information sharing of employment, improve the employment service agencies, expanding employment service function;(4) strengthen the land-lost farmers employment training support, including the employment training mechanism, create a diversified to gen with entrepreneurship training mechanism, construct the land-lost farmers characteristics of employment promotion mechanism, perfecting the mechanism of employment support services and assistance.