Study On The Structure And Color - Distinguishing Ability Of Apodemus Draco

The Apodemus draco inhabit in the woods and fidlds,wiedly distribute in Shanxi,Ningxia,Gansu,Hunan,Hubei,Anhui,Jiangsu,Zhejiang,Hebei ect.They like to live in a dark environment, their diets are widely, metabolism is quickly, breeding is fast and having a high adaptable ability to the environment.They like to eat plant seeds, fruit and the tender branches or leaves.So it has a different degree of damage for the growth of plants and the harvest of fruits.For this reason,they are listed as a new forest bandicoot. The Apodemus draco active at night,so they are nocturnal rodents.This test content is researching the visual system of Apodemus draco by anapomy,histology,ethology and immunofluorescence methods.Mainly studied two problems,there are whether the visual organs of Apodemus draco have photosensitive ability and color vision.This theory can provide some new basis for the evolution of the rodents vision.The conclusion is as follows:1.The eye is exophthalmos and the eye diameter of Apodemus draco is smaller. The shape and structure of eye in Apodemus draco is normal,possess the basic structure:eyelid,cornea,iris,lens,choroid layer and retina.The retina has a clear stratification.2. The retina of Apodemus draco has a clear stratification.From the side of the choroid layer,the layers in order is pigmented epithet of the retina,photoreceptor outer segment,outer limiting membrane,outer nuclear layer,outer plexiform layer,inner nuclear layer,inner plexiform layer,ganglion cell layer,nerve fiber layer,inner limiting membrane.3.The pigmented epithet of the retina of Apodemus draco is thicker.There are many uniform and density melanin granules in the pigment cells.They will protect the retina and prvent the damage from bright light of days.4.In the typical day line redents,the number of cells in the outer nuclear layer(ONL) is equal to the number of cells in the ganglion cell layer(GCL),so the ratio is 1:1.In the typical nocturnal rodents,the ratio is 100:1.In this test,the ratio of the number of cells in the outer nuclear layer(ONL) and the number of cells in the ganglion cell layer(GCL) is 102:1,so we can draw the conclusion:The Apodemus draco is nocturnal rodent.5. The Apodemus draco can feelings and distinguish the different wavelengths of light and they can show extremely significant difference in behaviour.We use the different wavelengths of blue light and red light simulus the Apodemus draco respectively,finally we found that in addition to the eating behavior the others behaviors both have significant differences in frequency and duration.6.When the Apodemus draco be irradiated by red and blue light,they produced the visual information and the information act on the retina.Then it inducted c-fos gene expressd in the b rain which related to the visual and the numbers of the positive cells are increased. We can observed that have some brown dot particles with Light.These phenomena to explain that the visual of the Apodemus draco have ability of feeling the light.7. When the Apodemus draco be irradiated by the different wavelengths of light, the numbers of c-fos immune neurons in the brain which related to the visual be irradiated by red light is more blue light, and the differences significant extremely (P<0.01).This phenomena instructed that the Apodemus draco not only have the ability of feeling the light,but also have the ability of distinguishing the different wavelengths of light.That is the Apodemus draco can distinguish the different colors.This conclusion is same as the conclusion of Behavior.In summary, the visual organ of the Apodemus draco is normal,and they can feel the light and distinguish the different colors.