Preparation Of Superhydrophobic Cellulose/Polyurethane Sponge And Its Application In Oil-Water Separation

In recent years, a problem of relatively common environmental pollution is the leakage of oil and organics which is also difficult to deal with. In the sea oil spill can cause massive death of Marine organisms, organic matter and the emissions of chemical wastewater will cause pollution of the rivers of water and soil. So detection and treatment of crude oil and organics becomes more and more important. Most of the traditional treatment methods exist a lot of shortcomings sush as complicated process, high-cost, secondary pollution, oil recovery rate is low, the material re-use is low. Therefore, an economic and effective method to prepare a simple, fast, low-cost, non-polluting material that can treat oil spills and recycle oil is very necessary.In this paper, three superhydrophobic sponges which are low-cost, resuable and environmentally friendly can be prepared successfully by a simple method. Three superhydrophobic sponges were characterized by a variety of characterization analysis to study the stability of the three super-hydrophobic sponge and its ability to separate oil and water.1. First, the surface of polyurethane sponge(PU sponge) was modified by polydopamine(PDA) as substrate, secend the micro- and nano-structure of the PDA/PU was formed by in situ growth of Ag nanoparticles(Ag NPs). Finailly, the Ag NPs/PDA/PU was modified through the polymerization of Polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS) to fabricate the Polydimethylsiloxane polyurethane sponge(PDMS/Ag NPs/PDA/PU) which has super-hydrophobicity and super-lipophilicty. The superhydrophobic polyurethane sponge was analysed by water contact angle measurement, Fourier-transformed infrared sepctroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Experimental results show that PDMS/Ag NPs/PDA/PU is a kind of environmentally friendly material for oil-water separator with large oil-absorbing and strong acid and alkali stability.2. SiO2/TiO2 sol was prepared by sol-gel method, then the original cellulose sponge were dipped in the intermixture of SiO2/TiO2 sol and hexadecyltrimethoxysilane(HDTMS) hydrolysate to prepare the superhydrophobic hexadecyltrimethoxysilane cellulose sponge HDTMS/SiO2(TiO2), superhydrophobic cellulose sponges were analysed by water contact angle measurement, Fourier-transformed infrared sepctroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Experimental results show that the superhydrophobic cellulose sponge has good stability, re-suable and achieves oil-water separator quickly and efficiently.3. The micro-nano surface of cellulose sponge was obtained via the in situ growth of metaloxide nanoparticles(Such as CuO, CoO, ZnO), using HDTMS as low surface energy modifier to obtain a series of superhydrophobic cellulose sponges HDTMS/CuO(ZnO, CoO), the superhydrophobic HDTMS/CuO(ZnO, CoO) was analysed by water contact angle measurement, Fourier-transformed infrared sepctroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Experimental results show that the superhydrophobic HDTMS/CuO(ZnO, CoO) has good stability, re-suable and and achieves oil-water separator quickly and efficiently.These three superhydrophobic sponge are environmentally friendly material, which have excellent stability and characteristics of effective and rapid separation of oil and water mixture, and therefore superhydrophobic sponges are very suitable for practical application of oil-water separation.