Study On Electrochemical Detection Of Trace Copper (Ⅱ) Ion And Optimization Of Electrocatalytic Performance Of Methanol

Recently, with the city and modern industry growing, more waste water containing number of copper element was produced. Those life waste water and industry waste water would be into wave. That would be a threat for human in the case of drinking,organism enrichment and biologic chain and other way. So it is meaningful to detect copper for monitoring water environment. In our work(1), using the phenomenon which copper can easily happen electrochemical reaction, prepare a novel electrochemical sensor for determining trace Cu(II) ion in water.(1) A novel electrochemical sensor for determining Cu(II) was developed by modifying phytate functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes onto ITO electrode. The resulting electrode exhibited a high sensitivity and selectivity toward Cu(II) in the presence of Ni(II), Mg(II), Ca(II), Pb(II), Cd(II), Mn(II), Zn(II) and Fe(II,III) as well as in the presence of some anionic and organic species by differential normal pulse anodic stripping voltammetry. The linear calibration curve ranged from 0.010 to 0.800 μmol L-1for Cu(II) with limit of detection(S/N=3) of 2.50×10-9mol L-1. This protocol was successfully applied for determining trace Cu(II) in river water.Proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCS) have been considered as a promising energy converter and will have much development in near future due to its high power density and clean. But commercialization of PEMFC has been seriously hindered by the usage of scare and expensive Pt catalysts. From the course of fuel cell commercialization, it is of very importance for developing novel catalyst preparation technology to preparing active catalyst with low platinum loading, which has become attracted much attention. In our work(2) and work(3), use the electrochemical method to prepare unitary Pt catalyst and binary Pt catalyst for catalyzing methanol.(2) Through controlling the ratio of H2 Pt Cl6 and Brij58 nonionic surfactant and optimizing amperometric electrodeposition time, octahedral Pt nanoparticles wereproduced. The resulting octahedral Pt nanoparticles composed of the pure(111) facets and numerous defects at the edges exhibited a highly catalytic activity surface area. The octahedral Pt nanoparticles modified glassy carbon electrode(GCE) for methanol electrocatalytic oxidation exhibited over 1.6 fold of enhancement in the mass activity than the commercial Pt black(10 nm) modified GCE. It also had a high stability during methanol electrooxidation process. The proposed synthesis method of Pt catalyst for fuel cell was facile, superior activity and high efficiency.(3) Using pulse electro-deposition method, it is successfully to prepare Pt-Cu alloy catalyst in the mix solution containing copper salt and chloroplatinate as well as with the electrochemical reduction reaction and intermetallic replacement reaction. Through the simple electrochemical method, nanomaterial with a certain extent atomic thickness and 2D structure was prepared, which enhanced the methanol catalytic activity and antitoxic activity of CO.