| To control the water pollution caused by excessive emission of organic matter, total nitrogen and total phosphorus, a new filter material which is called calcium silicon filter material was prepared with shell powder as the main raw material in this study and the phosphorus adsorption characteristics of it was inspected. Biological filter with calcium silicon filter material was set up to treat sewage. And the removal efficiency for COD, NH3-N, TP and TN, space removal characteristics and the microbial community structure in the reactor were studied. The main contents of this study:(1) Sintering filter material and unburned filter material was prepared with shell powder as the main raw material, adding different accessories respectively. The unburned filter material was choosen for subsequent experimental study by quality identification. The composition, the shape and the microstructure of it were characterized, showing that the unburned filter material mainly consistes of CaCO3 and SiO2, which is named as calcium silicon filter material(CSFM). Through static single factor experiment, the relationships between phosphorus adsorption of CSFM with pH, phosphorus concentration, and adsorption time were explored. Response surface analysis method was applied to investigate the interaction of three factors(solution pH, phosphorus concentration, adsorption time) on the adsorption of phosphorus removal rate.The results show that under conditions of adsorption time 3.24 h, pH <7 and phosphorus concentration below 30 mg/L, the calcium silicon filter material has a good adsorption efficiency for phosphorus and the phosphorus removal rate is over 90%.(2) CSFM-BF including 1# Single-stage A/O biological filter and 2# single-stage aeration biological filter were built with CSFM as the filter material to treat various sewages. This study investigated the influence of nitrogen and phosphorus load on pollutions treatment efficiency and the space removal features of the two reactors for pollutions. Results show that under different ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus load, single stage of A/O biological filter for COD, ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency are not good as ordinary aeration biological filter, but the TN removal efficiency of it is much better than that of the ordinary aeration biological filter.(3) A/O- CSFM two-stage biological filter was built to treat the actual sewage. The concentrations of COD, ammonia nitrogen, phosphorus, TN in average effluent were 13.00 mg/L, 2.99 mg/L, 2.67 mg/L, 55.29 mg/L and the average removal rate were 95.61%, 96.27%, 69.51% and 96.27% respectively. A/O- CSFM two-stage biological filter for COD, TOC removal mainly relys on anaerobic heterotrophic microorganisms degradation in the hypoxia column, for phosphorus removal mainly relys on hypoxia column denitrifying phosphorus removal effect and the adsorption effect of fabric and biofilm, for TN removal mainly relys on nitrification denitrification of hypoxia column and aerobic column, for ammonia nitrogen and IC removal relys on nitrification and assimilation of aerobic column.(4) High-throughput sequencing was used to examine the microbial population diversity and community structure of the reactor under different operation stages. There are 361112 original sequences and 34 bacterium doors received from 14 samples by high throughput analysis. The predominant bacteria flora are Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes, and the OTU occupation ratios of them are 60.59%, 24.13% respectively.With the increase of phosphorus load, microbial diversity in the aerobic and anaerobic colum both become lower. The change of ammonia nitrogen load has obvious influence on aerobic microbial diversity and has less effect on the anaerobic microbial diversity. The greatest advantage bacterium group in aerobic period of A/O- CSFM two-stage biological filter is nitration spirochete nitrifying bacteria, which has an advantage obviously with the abundance of 17.09%, ensuring a good nitrification efficiency of two-stage biological filter. The greatest advantage bacterium groups in anaerobic period are Rhodocyclaceae_uncultured and Arcobacter, and the abundances of them are 13.65%, 13.27% respectively. |
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