| Lonicera Japonica Thunb is a Caprifoliaceae Lonicera semi-evergreen perennial twining woody vines, used for food and medicine, has a long history of application in our country. Lonicera Japonica Thunb seed is the seed, which is rich in protein, fat, polysaccharides, mineral elements and other nutrients, the seed oil contains mainly oleic acid, linoleic acid and other unsaturated-fatty-acids, with good nutritional health. In this paper, wild Lonicera Japonica Thunb seeds as raw material, firstly, analyzed the essential nutrients of Lonicera Japonica Thunb seeds combination of other parts; secondly, using response surface methodology to optimize techniques of ultrasonic-assisted extraction of Lonicera Japonica Thunb seed oil. Based on single-factor tests, the mathematical regression model was established about the response values(extraction yield of Lonicera Japonica Thunb seed oil) and independent variables(different extraction solvent, 1iquid-solid ratio, extraction time and ultrasonic power) through the Box-Benhnken central composite experimental design(three factors and three levels)and response surface methodology(RSM); then compared the physicochemical properties of Lonicera Japonica Thunb seed oil of ultrasound-assisted extraction and traditional solvent extraction method. while Lonicera Japonica Thunb seed oil after refined, then its physical and chemical indicators were compared with the commonly used standard vegetable oil. The final, the refined Lonicera Japonica Thunb seed oil was determinationed of the fatty acid composition and relative content.Results of this study are as follows:(1) Seed moisture content of fresh Lonicera Japonica Thunb seed was 70.29± 0.08%, total ash content was 6.62± 0.21%, the crude protein content was 7.37 ± 0.14%, crude fat content was 10.36 ± 0.05%, crude polysaccharide content was about 16.60 ± 0.74%. Lonicera Japonica Thunb seed was rich of inorganic elements, particularly the content of Ca, Mg reached at 1.03 ± 0.03% and 0.42 ± 0.014%.(2) Select the ultrasonic-assisted extraction seed oil, investigated the effect of singlefactor on Lonicera Japonica Thunb seed oil extraction rate, on the basis of each single factor experiments, Lonicera Japonica Thunb seed oil extraction rate as a response value, established a mathematical model of quadratic regression equation of extraction of Lonicera Japonica Thunb seed oil through response surface analysis, finally, get the best extraction conditions: extraction solvent was acetone, liquid ratio was 30 mL/g, the extraction time was 41 min, ultrasonic power was 165 W. Under this extraction conditions, the predictive value of extraction rate of Lonicera Japonica Thunb seed oil can be 10.71%, the verification value can be 10.76%, relative error between verification and theoretical values can be 0.47%.(3) The physicochemical indices of crude oil of Lonicera Japonica Thunb seeds shows that ultrasonic wave can crush plant cells effectively and shorten the extraction time, improve efficiency, reduce the degree of oxidation, but the color of crude oil was not transparent, peroxide value is slightly higher, degumming, ultra-alkal 0.2 %, alkali-refined temperature 75 ℃, deacidification, bleaching process for refining, Lonicera Japonica Thunb oil physical and chemical properties as follows: moisture and volatile matter was 0.06± 0.02%, the relative density(2020d) was 0.9141 ± 0.01, refraction coefficient(n20) was 1.4790± 0.01, peroxide value was 2.54± 0.02 meq/kg, acid value was 0.53± 0.03 mg KOH/g, iodine value was 118.04± 0.68 g I2/100 g, saponification value was 161.97± 1.33 mg KOH/g. Compared with national standards of soybean oil, in addition to feature index, peroxide value and acid value were higher than the standard requirements.(4) The main fatty acids of Lonicera Japonica Thunb seeds oil were linoleic acid(58.59%), oleic acid(18.45%), palmitic acid(11.30%), linolenic acid(3.70%), stearic acid(1.78%), peanut acid(0.40 %), etc, which of unsaturated fatty acid content be up to 85.81%. |
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