| Atmospheric aerosol has great effect on global climate through their direct or indirect radiation. In recent years, the air pollution of the coal-based cities showing a rising trend with the rapid development of China’s economic construction and growth of urban population. In this study the concentrational distribution and sources apportionment of heavy metals and water-soluble inorganic ions in PM2.5, PM1.0 of Hotan city was investigated. The resultes will be helpful to to provide basic data to assess exposure characteristics and health effects as well as the sources apportionment of the heavy metals, water-soluble inorganic ions in PM2.5,PM1.0 of urbun atmosphere of Hotan city.Aerosol samples were collected from January 2014 to November 2014 in Hotan EPA(Environmental Protection Agency) use a large volume sampler, middle volume sampler for the collection of PM2.5, PM1.0. The concentration of 33 kinds of metals(8 kinds of crustal elements:Al, Ti, Fe, Ca, Mg, Na, K, Li; 10 kinds of heavy metals: Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb,V, Cr, As; 15 kinds of microscale elements:Sr, Ba, Mo, Ag, Sn, Sb, TI, Se, Zr, Nb, Be, Rb, Cs,Ga, U) were analyzed by using the ICP-MS(Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry).The result showed that, the daily total concentration range of meyallic elements in PM2.5 and PM1.0 was in the range of 3.50 to 512.59μg/m3 and 0.93 to 336.14μg/m3, and annual average velue was 117.59, 52.07μg/m3, respectivly. The daily total concentration range of heavy metals, crustal elements, microscale elements in PM2.5 was in the range of 0.08 to 2.68μg/m3,0.004 to 1.78μg/m3, and annual average velue was 0.81, 0.39μg/m3, respectivly. The concentration range of crustal elements in PM2.5 and PM1.0 was in the range of 3.29 to507.51μg/m3 and 0.84 to 332.24μg/m3,and annual average velue was 115.38, 51.13μg/m3,respectivly. Th concentration range of microscale elements in PM2.5 and PM1.0 was in the range of 0.07 to 7.331μg/m3 and 0.02 to3.78μg/m3, and annual average velue was 1.41,0.55μg/m3, respectivly. The velue of PM1.0/PM2.5 of metallic elements ranked in heavy metals,crustal elements, microscale elements, the velues was 0.48, 0.44, 0.39, respectivly. It is indicating that, metallic elements in urbun atmosphere of Hotan city mainly enriching onPM2.5; the total metallic elements in PM2.5 and PM1.0 showed seasonal varation of mass concentration was spring>summer>winter>autumn; the mass concentration of crustal elements, microscale elements, heavy metals in PM2.5 and PM1.0 take on a successively reduce,which was accounting for 15.28%, 0.18%,0.11% and 18.31%, 0.19%, 0.14% of the total particulate metar concentration, respectivly. The heavy metals in PM2.5 showed seasonal varation of mass concentration was spring>autumn>summer>winter, and the seasonal average velue was 0.96, 0.83, 0.81, 0.66μg/m3, respectivly. The concentration order of the each heavy metal was Mn > Pb > V > Zn > Cr > Ni > Cu > As > Co > Cd;the heavy metals in PM1.0showed seasonal varation of mass concentration, the order of the concentration was spring>summer>winter>autumn, and the seasonal average velue are 0.63, 0.44, 0.28,0.18μg/m3 respectivly;the concentration order of each heavy metal was Mn > Pb > Zn > V >Cr > Cu > Ni > As > Co > Cd;the conetration order of crustal elements in PM2.5 and PM1.0was Al > Na > Fe > K > Mg > Ca > Ti > Li, Al > Fe > Na > K > Mg > Ca > Ti > Li;The conetration order of microscale elements in PM2.5 and PM1.0 was Sr > Ba > Rb > Zr > Mo >Ga > Cs > Nb > Se > U > TI > Sn > Sb > Be > Ag å'Œ Ba > Sr > Rb > Mo > Zr > Ga > Cs >Se > Nb > TI > U > Sn > Sb > Be > Ag.The geoaccumulation index(Mull Pollutin Index) evaluation showed that1<Igeo<10 for Cd and Pb, act as heavy pollution, while other heavy metals Igeo<1, act as non-pollution; using Enichment Factor determine the heavy metals that the Pb in autumn PM2.5 and Cd in winter PM1.0 are mainly contributed by human activity, while other heavy metals in was from natural dust and soil dust.The concentration range of the 11 kinds of water-soluble inorganic ions in PM2.5, PM1.0detected By HPLC(High Performance Liquid Chromatography, IC)was in the range of 9.79 to 434.59 and 0.61 to 266.92μg/m3. NO??, SO?2? and NH?? was the dominant ions among the water-soluble inorganic ions, accountes for 4.97%, 32.22%, 5.99%, respecticly and total of43.18%. Which is about 43.18%, and for 0.48%, 3.14%, 0.58% of total PM2.5 mass, and total of 4.21%; While, the secondary water soluble ions respectively accounting for 6.71%, 32.61%,4.99% of the total water-soluble inorganic ion concentration in PM1.0, which is about 44.31%,and for 0.84%, 4.06%, 0.62% of total PM1.0 mass, total of 5.51%. It can illustrate that Hotan city is influenced by secondary aerosol; The range NO??/SO?2? in PM2.5, PM1.0 duiring sampling period was ranged from 0 to 0.60 and from 0 to 0.75, all of the weight ratio of NO??/SO?2? was below 1. Indicating that, Hotan atmosphere mainly impacted by stationary sources such as power plants, industrial emissions and other emissioned pollutants.The distrubution order of metallic elements, water-soluble inorganic ions, OC, EC and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) in PM2.5 and PM1.0 was metallic elements,water-soluble inorganic ions, OC, EC, PAHs, respectively. Which was accounting for 15.57%,9.75%, 3.76%, 0.21%, 0.01% and 18.84%, 11.48%, 7.52%, 0.27%, 0.06% of the total concentration of PM2.5 and PM1.0, respectivly. |
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