Monitoring And Assessment Of Air And Water Quality In Nanhu Ecological Urban Park In Tangshan

Objectives The study was designed to understand the air and water environmental quality status of the South Lake Park in Tangshan, find out the main pollution areas and the main pollutants in the park at present, evaluate the air and water environment quality.The present study would help to accumulate air and water monitoring data and provide a scientific basis for making feasible environment protection plan and measures.Methods 1 Grid sampling method was used to select 7 typical monitoring points(Park East Gate, Qinglong wharf, Botanical Garden, the Public Square, Phoenix Palace, Released station and Lake island) in the South Lake Park and the control point Tangshan city to monitor ambient air quality. The atmospheric samples were collected 3 times one day in continuous three days every season in 2013 and 2014. Comparing with the limits of the national air quality standard(GB 3015- 2012), calculating the air quality index and the fuzzy comprehensive index of each monitoring points to evaluate the quality of air condition of South Lake park. 2 Thirteen sampling points were selected in the three major lakes including Xixing pool, Yanglong lake and Qingtianjing in Tangshan South Lake Park.The shallow water(0.5 meter under the surface) in the thirteen sampling points was collected in continuous three days in April, May, June, August and October in 2013 and2014. Comparing the IV standard limits of the national surface water environmental quality(GB 3838- 2002), calculating the fuzzy comprehensive index of the three major lakes to evaluate the quality of water environment of South Lake park.Results 1 The results of Ambient air quality of South Lake Park as follow. The change tendency of each air pollutant was broadly consistent in different seasons.(1) All the concentrations of SO2, NO2 and O3 reached the secondary standard limits of national ambient air quality(1h mean concentration).(2) PM2.5 concentrations exceeded the limit of the second standards of 75μg/m3(24h mean concentration). The PM10 concentrations were lower than the two national ambient air quality standards of 150 μg/m3(24h mean concentration) in 2013, May, July and April, September in 2014, other results exceeded the standard.(3) Both the air quality index and the fuzzy comprehensive index showed that PM2.5 became the primary pollutant in all monitoring points in South Lake Park. The most serious states of the air quality in all the monitoring points in South Lake Park and the urban area appeared in January in 2013 and 2014 in this study, the best states appeared in September in 2014. 2 The results of water quality assessment in South Lake Park as follow.(1) Some pollutants slightly exceeded the national limits in Xixing pool and Yanglong lake.The main non-attainment pollutants were TP, TN, ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen in Qingtianjing. The concentrations of BOD520, CODMn, F- and mercury in Qingtianjingslightly exceeded the standard limits in some months.(2) The results of Fuzzy comprehensive index showed that TN was the main pollutant in Xixing pool and Yanglong lake, TP, TN, ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen were the most serious pollutants in Qingtianjing. In Xixing pool, the IV water accounted for 90%. In Yanglong Lake, water quality between the III and IV accounted for 40%, III water quality accounted 20%, IV water quality accounted for 20%. The water quality of Qingtianjing remained in V water quality with no improvement.Conclusions 1 All the concentrations of SO2, NO2 and O3 reached the secondary standard limits of national ambient air quality(1h mean concentration). Most of PM2.5concentrations exceeded the limit of the secondary standard of 75μg/m3(24h mean concentration). PM10 concentrations were lower than the secondary national ambient air quality standard of 150 μg/m3(24h mean concentration) in May and July 2013, and in April and September 2014, other results exceeded the standard. The peak of particle concentration appears in January 2013 and 2014. PM2.5 became the primary pollutant of all monitoring points in South Lake Park, the air quality of all the monitoring points of South Lake Park and the urban area were the most serious states in January 2013 and 2014, the best states appeared in September 2014. 2 The concentration of pollutants in Qingtianjing exceeded the standard seriously in South lake park. TP, TN and ammonia nitrogen were the main non-attainment pollutants. In Xixing pool, the IV water accounted for 90%. In Yanglong Lake, water quality between the III and IV accounted for 40%, III water quality accounted 20%, IV water quality accounted for 20%. The water quality of Qingtianjing remained in V water quality with no improvement.