Research On Pest Control Packaging Of Dried Mushrooms By Essential Oil

In this paper, four pericarpium zanthoxyli essential oils were extracted and analyzed, the oil from northest was selected to own the best insecticidal effect and be used in the pest control packaging of dried mushrooms to evaluate its specific insecticidal effect aiming to explore a new agricultural green and safe packaging technology and method.The four pericarpium zanthoxyli essential oils which were produced from northeast, Jiangjin, Hanyuan,Hancheng were extracted by steam distillation. The extraction rate of the oils is respectively 7.2%,5.1%,4.6% and 2.0%. The chemical composition of the essential oils was assessed via gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography(GC). The results show that the contents of linalool which is the main component of four pericarpium zanthoxyli oils are respectively 0.84,0.76,0.24 and 0.08g/mL. The contents of limonene are respectively 0.10,0.08,0.24 and 0.31g/mL. The fumigation and contact toxicity effect of northeast pericarpium zanthoxyli essential oil was better than the other three pericarpium zanthoxyli oils, so it was selected to do follow-up study.The fumigation effect of northeast pericarpium zanthoxyli essential oil on Tribolium Eggs was studied respectively at 30℃ and 20℃ with nothing filled. The results show that at 30℃, the LC50 of 24,48 and 72 h fumigation are 34.82,29.28 and 16.48 μL/L respectively. The LT50 of 30,40 and 50 μL/L are 45.11,29.41 and 12.98 h respectively. At 20℃, the LC50 of 24,48 and 72 h fumigation are 118.41,68.17 and 60.34μL/L respectively. The LT50 of 50,80 and 100μL/L are 460.22,30.66 and 25.67h respectively. The method of extending the exposure time, improving oil concentration and temperature can achieve a better insecticidal effect.The fumigation effect of northeast pericarpium zanthoxyli essential oil on Tribolium Eggs was studied respectively at 30℃ and 20℃ with dried mushrooms filled. The results show that when the different weight of dried mushrooms(0,5,10,15,30g) was filled, The LC50 of 24h fumigation are respectively 34.83,36.84,40.34,52.48 and 117.35μL/L. The LC50 of 48h fumigation are respectively 29.28,32.72,33.21,35.42 and 77.63μL/L. The LC50 of 72h fumigation are respectively 20.29,21.35,22.55,25.63 and 51.12μL/L at 30℃. The LC50 of 24h fumigation are respectively 124.35,127.89,135.99 and 231.46μL/L. The LC50 of 48h fumigation are respectively 32.71,33.21,35.42 and 77.63μL/L. The LC50 of 72h fumigation are respectively 62.34,66.61,71.20 and 117.81μL/L at 20℃. The filling do dried mushrooms affected the proliferation of essential oil and insecticidal effect.The fumigation effect of northeast pericarpium zanthoxyli essential oil on Tribolium larvae was studied respectively with and without dried mushrooms filled. The results show that the LC50 of 24,48 and 72h fumigation are 7.78,6.18 and 5.75μL/L respectively. The LT50 of 6,8 and 10μL/L are 79.99,41.52 and 30.12μL/L respectively. When it was filled with 30g dried mushrooms, the LC50 of 24,48 and 72 h fumigation are 79.99,41.5 and 30.12μL/L respectively. The sensitivity of larvae to essential oil is better than eggs, so the lethal concentration of eggs is barely studied in the follow-up packaging applications.The hatching inhibitory effect of northeast pericarpium zanthoxyli essential oil on Tribolium Eggs in pest control packaging was studied, and the actual concentration of oil gas in the package was regulated. The results show that the LC50 of 24,48 and 72h fumigation of 10g dried mushrooms package are 243.99,163.90 and 109.24 μL/L respectively. The LC50 of 24,48 and 72h fumigation of 15g dried mushrooms package are 253.35,184.37 and 143.63μL/L respectively. The LC50 of 24,48and72h fumigation of 30g dried mushrooms package are 467.79μL/L,320.37 and 174.90μL/L respectively. The LC50 of 24,48 and 72h fumigation of 60g dried mushrooms package are 539.29,364.53 and 163.98μL/L respectively. The LC50 of 24,48and 72h fumigation of 90g dried mushrooms package are 606.52,412.80 and 176.14μL/L respectively.The studies have shown that the relationship between dosage of northeast pericarpium zanthoxyli essential oil and dried mushrooms accords the formula y= 30.064 In(x)+43.323, which can be accorded to achieve better insecticidal effect with dried mushrooms.