Dairy Manure Biochar Preparation And Research On Soil Of Nitrogen Restoration And Water Of Nitrogen Pollution Remediation

In order to solve the difficulties in dairy manure to use cattle breeding production processes brings and extends the dairy manure in the soil of nitrogen restoration and water of nitrogen pollution remediation. Based on the dairy manure as raw materials, preparation of dairy manure biochar, analysis of the physical and chemical properties, study the dairy manure biochar for inhibition of soil nitrogen leaching, and the effect on the adsorption of ammonia nitrogen in water. Specific results were as follows:The dairy manure in preparation of biological carbon preparation technology research shows:As the increase of temperature, carbonization time, heating rate, the yield of the dairy manure biochar was from 70% dropped to 55% and ash from 20% increased to 35%, as the temperature increased from 200℃ to 700℃. When the carbonization time increased from 0.5 to 2 that biochar yield by 84.25% dropping to 67.9%, ash from 18.21% increase to 23.52%, in 2 hours after the change tends to be stable. When the heating rate increased from 100℃·h-1 to 500℃·h-1 that yield from 70.54% dropped to 67.11%, and ash 21.47% rose to 25.52%. The best technological conditions for preparing biological carbon: carbonization temperature was 300℃, carbonization time was 2h, and heating rate was 300℃·h-1.The performance analysis of dairy manure biochar shows that :the pH of dairy manure biochar from 8.15 increased to 9.55 along with the temperature increased from 200℃to 700℃. The Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM) and Energy Dispersive Spectrometer(EDS)analysis showed that compared to dairy manure, dairy manure biochar possesses more developed tubular hole structures, and had 200% and 10% more K and Ca substances, respectively. Dairy manure biochar Soils tests showed that a single application of biochar process(C) and biochar fertilizer mixed treatment(CCF), compared with the blank treatment(CK), pre-plant soil pH values were increased by 0.46 and 0.42 units, respectively, after planting increased by 0.9 and 0.56 units. After planting, the soil organic matter increased by 61.9% and 45.5%; increased water holding capacity respectively 6.29% and 7.01%; CEC were increased respectively by 42.9% and 44%; bulk density decreased by 17.1% and 18.6%. Dairy manure biochar administration promoted the growth of vegetables; Dairy manure biochar Fertilizers(CCF) under the processing conditions, fresh vegetables, weight, and height had biggest increase, an increase about 2 percent.To explore the inhibitory effects of the biochar made by dairy manure as raw material against soil nitrogen fertilizer leaching, this paper carries out manual simulations of soil column experiments on soil leaching, based on which we study the impacts of dairy manure biochar on 1) the pH value of soil leachate, and 2) overall cumulative loss amount and concentration of ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, and total nitrogen. The pH value of soil leachate tends to increase with increasing addition of dairy manure biochar. Compared to 0%, with 5% addition of dairy manure biochar, leachate pH value exhibited the greatest increasing amount of 12.5% on the 10 th day of the leaching experiment. In the 30 day experimental period, concentration of ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen were gradually reduced with the addition of dairy manure biochar at 0%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5%, respectively. Beyond the 40 day experiment, the leaching time of nitrate nitrogen on soil was delayed with the addition of biochar.When the addition of dairy manure biochar is 4%~5%, the inhibitory effects of dairy manure biochar on soil nitrogen fertilizer leaching were most effective; compared to the addition 0% of dairy manure biochar, overall cumulative loss amount of ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, and total nitrogen are reduced by about 16%, 32% and 32%, respectively.To enable the application of biochar, which was derived from dairy manure as raw material, on removing ammonia nitrogen from aqueous solutions, this paper studies the influential factors and adsorption properties of dairy manure biochar in the removal of ammonia nitrogen from aqueous solution. The result shows that, when the solution is alkaline solution, the amount of dairy manure biochar is more than 20g·L-1, and the initial ammonia nitrogen concentration is 50mg·L-1,the adsorbing effectiveness of dairy manure biochar on ammonia nitrogen is optimal. However, under the same initial concentration conditions, the acceleration rate of adsorbing ammonia nitrogen increases significantly at first, but diminishes as the dosage of manure biochar increases. The adsorption equilibrium time of manure biochar is about 80 minutes. The Langmuir isotherm equation can better describe the isothermal adsorption behavior than the Freundlich isotherm equation. The adsorption behavior of biochar on ammonia nitrogen is monolayer adsorption and pertains to spontaneous endothermic process. The adsorbing process conforms to the Quasi Secondary Dynamics Equation, and the adsorption is mainly chemical adsorption accompanied by physical adsorption process. Adsorption rate is controlled by both surface adsorption and diffusion in the granules, but out-diffusion rate is greater than in-diffusion rate.Dairy manure biochar prepared in this study, was not only a soil nitrogen inhibitors, adsorbents improvers and ammonia in the water, but also a good soil conditioner, cheap economy with good manure resources and industrial prospects.