The Preparation And Characterization Of Antarctic Krill Shrimp Protein/Polyacrylonitrile Composite Fiber

The comfort of clothes is closely related to the chemical construction of fibers. Different with natural fibers, the hydroscopicity and wet permeability of synthetic fiber are weaker, because there are less hydrophilic groups in synthetic fibers, leading to a low comfort of clothes. Modifying synthetic fibers by using materials with abundant hydrophilic groups is one of the good methods to improve their hydroscopicity.The research object of this essy is polyacrylonitrile(the so-called artificial wool), with a good softness and heat retention property, and has been widely used in Wool-like products. But just like some other synthetic fibers, the hydroscopicity and human affinity are weak. Here, proteins extracted from Antarctic kril powder are used to modify the polyacrylonitrile fiber, and the resource of Antarctic kril is very abundant, reaching about 6.5×108-10×108t, and the protein content is 18-20%. Physical blending and chemical grafting were respectively used in this essay to combine protein and polyacrylonitrile together so that we can get composite fibers with comprehensice properties.Firstly, Protein was extracted from Antarctic krill shrimp meat by Sodium hydroxide solution, during which concentration of NaOH, water bath temperature, stirring time and material ratio are set as the variable factors to research the optimum extraction process:NaOH concentration of 3%, water bath temperature of 60 ℃, stirring time of 5h, material ratio of 1:25. Then the Antarctic krill protein/polyacrylonitrile blending fibers were prepared by wet spinning and the Antarctic krill protein/polyacrylonitrile grafting fibers were prepared by electrospinning. During the test and characterization process, electron microscope was used to observe the morphology of fibers, and the results showed that there are granules on blengding fibers, while the morphology of grafting fibers is smooth, which indicates that there exists a phenomenon of protein leakage on blending fibers and the grafting ones are very stable. The results from XRD curves show that the crystallinity of composite fibers decrease with the increase of protein content, because proteins have broken the chemical regularity of polyacrylonitrile molecular chains. In addition, since the addition of protein with a low thermal stability and damage of polyacrylonitrile struction, the whole thermal stability of composite fibers decrease obviously with the increase of protein content, which was indicated by TGA test. DSC datas futher proved that the influence of protein on composite fibers was the inhibition to cyclization of -CN perssads. Furthermore, nuclear magnetic curves showed that there are almost no influence on the sequential structure of polyacrylonitrile chains no matter for blending or grafting fibers. At last, a test of water-retention rate was conducted, showing that the hydroscopicity of composite fibers was greatly improved after proteins were added.