| The study on the northern slope of Tianshan Mountains in Xinjiang economy with land desertification, vegetation resources as the main object of study, analysis in recent ten years on the northern slope of Tianshan Mountain, years of natural geographical factors and climatic factors change, combined with the characteristics of the dynamics of the human activities and land resources, problems faced in the recognition of regional development and the process of social and economic development in natural resources and the environment are facing pressure revealed desertification generation and evolution, the dynamic changes of the driving mechanism, the role of the process and the influence way. And through analysis of the characteristics of typical desertification region of the case, including the south of Gurbantunggut Desert desertification evolution, AI Bihu catchment vegetation degradation and desertification and oasis- Desert interlaced zone of vegetation degradation and desertification, by analyzing the solution of remote sensing image interpreting, the area of desertification characteristics, accurately identify the region existing and potential contradictions, and explore its mechanism.Studies have shown that 2014 Xinjiang Tianshan North Slope Economic Belt of sandy land (including deserts and desertification land) with a total area of 15.39 million km2, accounted for 51.3% of the total land area, and in 2009 compared to the area of desertified land increased 818.17 km2. To the south of Gurbantunggut Desert desertification was studied. Results show that between 2005 to 2015 desertification in the dynamic change of the forward and inverse alternating, but overall continued to show a trend reversal. The most prominent change of the oasis desert transition zone is the desert ecosystem, which is transformed into farmland and grassland. The soil erosion intensity of the oasis desert transitional zone has a great degree of reduction, and the desertification is more complex. Surface area of Ebinur Lake Basin continues to decrease, soil erosion in the lake to severe and very severe and moderate erosion mainly, about accounted for 77% of the lake area, the lake area of desertified land in the proportion in about 60%, to very severe desertification, severe desertification land accounts for 45% of the land area of lake.Land desertification in Xinjiang Tianshan north slope economic belt driving mechanism, from the natural conditions of regional analysis of main meteorological factors did not happen too significantly beyond the normal fluctuation of climate change, the wavelet moving just for the occurrence and development of land desertification provides a relatively fragile climate background, and will not cause the occurrence and development of large area of land desertification phenomenon. Human driving mechanism study found that excessive population growth, and oasis scale, land scale, the productivity of oasis and overall economic development meet the needs of the population, it will increase the pressure on the land, ecological pressure, eventually of oasis system caused a great threat. Industrial and mining and transportation construction to promote the regional land desertification. Although it is a regional, small area of damage, but its harm is not underestimated.Finally, from the strengthen of oasis ecological environment construction in the center, optimize land use pattern, improving land use efficiency, strengthen the reasonable utilization and protection of water resources, protect the ecological water and proposed countermeasures to solve the regional desertification, in order to provide the scientific basis for the regional strategy of ecological civilization construction of countermeasures. |
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