| Lentinus edodes stipe contains large amounts of dietary fiber, which can be used as food and medicine. China is the country with the largest production of letinous edodes, letinous edodes is also the largest consumer and processing of the country, however, China’s letinous edodes processing is still in its infancy. Due to the high fiber content of letinous edodes stipe, in the processing and consumption of letinous edodes, a large number of letinous edodes stipe are abandoned and fermentation corruption, which cause environmental pollution. According to the research, it shows that the nutritional value of letinous edodes stipe and letinous edodes pileus is basically the same, and letinous edodes stipe is rich in a large number of dietary fiber, with a high nutritional value. What’s more, letinous edodes stipe is thick and tough, direct edible, which is tasted poor, but if it is processed into a floss, it can make the Lentinus edodes fiber refinement and release rich aroma, Just as well the nutrition of Lentinus edodes stipe floss is more conducive to human body to absorb and the floss is more likely to be loved by consumers. Nowadays, processing floss still give priority to traditional manual method and the production efficiency is so low that inconformity to the requirements of the market scale production. In order to meet the needs of the vast number of consumers, it is urgent to develop a set of professional equipment that can realize the continuous and industrial processing of letinous edodes stipe.In this paper, the mechanism of letinous edodes stipe processed into floss is studied and a machine to process lentinus edodes stipe into floss based on the principle of high-speed strike is designed and a number of factors about the impact of the machine processing were tested. Mainly include:1. Study on the mechanism of letinous edodes processed into floss. The study found that it is better way to process Lentinus edodes stipe into floss with striking style. At the same time, by analysis of the energy change of the letinous edodes stipe with the tool collision system during the process of letinous edodes stipe, it shows that the greater change of energy ΔE about Lentinus edodes stipe processing is turn, letinous edodes stipe is more easily turn into floss. Therefore, in order to better achieve letinous edodes stipe into floss, it is possible to increase the relative speed between the striking cutter and the letinous edodes stipe.2. Design and trial production a machine processing. Lentinus edodes stipe into floss. According to the study on the mechanism of letinous edodes processed into floss, this paper designed and manufactured a machine processing letinous edodes stipe into floss by comparison of various schemes. The floss machine of the Lentinus edodes stipe mainly includes the frame, the feed hopper device, the floss cylinder, the main drive device, the impact and floss device and the discharge device. The impact and floss device of the Lentinus edodes stipe located in the flossing cylinder is mainly composed of the spindle, the blade wheels, the sleeves and the cutters. The blade wheels are installed on the spindle and separated by the sleeves, the distance between the adjacent blade wheels is 50 mm. Each blade wheel has 4 cutters. The floss cylinder consists of the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder. The lower cylinder is welded to the frame and the upper cylinder is a movable part, the two cylinders are connected with the bolts. The floss cylinder is sealed at both ends and the upper and lower cylinder can be separated. The feed hopper device is installed on the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder has a discharge hole. The discharge device is mainly composed of the fan, the motor, the discharge hole and the centrifugal dust collector. The fan is connected to the spindle of the motor, and the air intake of the fan is connected to the discharge hole by the air pipe, and the centrifugal dust collector connects the discharge hole of the fan. The main drive device is composed of the motor, the big belt wheel, the small belt wheel and the V-belt. The big belt wheel is installed on the spindle of the motor, and the transmission ratio of the main drive device is 2:1. The machine can achieve continuous and industrial production. Through manufacture and experiment, it is showed that the machine has a compact structure, the feeding and discharging are smooth, the parameters are easy to adjust, the parts are convenient to install and replace.3. To study on the quality of letinous edodes stipe floss influencing factors. In this paper, we first define the quality evaluation index of letinous edodes stipe floss, including floss content, filling power and sensory evaluation. In this research, we choose the kind of fresh and dried lentinus edodes stipe, moisture content of lentinus edodes stipe, the spindle speed, the type of straight and bending blade, the space between cutting tool as experimental factors to explore the effect of different process and structure parameters on processing lentinus edodes stipe into floss. Test results show that:1)The test results showed that: for the floss content, the moisture content of the lentinus edodes stipe, the spindle speed and the types of the fresh and dried lentinus edodes stipe had an extremely significant effect(P<0.01), and other factors had a significant effect(P<0.05); for the fill power, the moisture content of the lentinus edodes stipe, the types of the fresh and dried lentinus edodes stipe and the distance between the end of the cutters and the wall of the floss cylinder had an extremely significant effect(P<0.01), the types of cutters had a significant effect(P<0.05), and the spindle speed had an insignificant effect(P>0.05); for the sensory evaluation, the moisture content of the lentinus edodes stipe, the types of cutters, the spindle speed and the distance between the end of the cutters and the wall of the floss cylinder had an extremely significant effect(P<0.01), the types of the fresh and dried lentinus edodes stipe had an insignificant effect(P>0.05).2) The comprehensive score was defined by using the floss content, the fill power and the sensory evaluation. With the comprehensive evaluation method, straight knife should be adopted and lentinus edodes stipe with the moisture content of 52.6% is the best, the spout area(length x width) should be adjusted to160x80 mm2, the spindle speed should be set to 2200 r/min, and the space between cutting tool and the wall of cylinder should be designed as 7 mm.3) At the same time, according to the above analysis, we conduct the orthogonal experiment and comprehensively analyzed the floss content, the fill power and the sensory evaluation based on the comprehensive evaluation method, determined the optimal level combination of the floss tests: the dried lentinus edodes stipe, the moisture content of the dried lentinus edodes stipe is about 50%, the spindle speed is about 2200r/min, the type of cutter is the flat cutter, the distance between the end of the cutters and the wall of the floss cylinder is 7mm, the best test result is the average floss content is 97.1%, the average fill power is 0.079 g/cm3, and the average sensory evaluation score is 16.8. |
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