The Synthesis Of New-Style Trisiloxane Surfactant And Its Properties Study

Trisiloxane surfactants have excellent interfacial properties, wettability and permeability. It has been widely used in various fields.At present, nonionic trisiloxane surfactants is the focus of the investigations.However, the study of ionic trisiloxane surfactants are relatively few.So preparation of ionic or special structure of the trisiloxane surfactants have an important significane.In this work, based on the solution polymerization to synthesize the three new trisiloxane surfactants, and the interfacial properties and application properties have been studied.(1) With using 1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyltrisioxane (HTSO) and allyl polyoxyalkylene glycidolether (APEE) as raw material, chloroplatinic acid as catalyst, the epoxy group trisiloxane (ETS) was synthesized through hydrosilylation reaction. Then a new kind of quaternary ammonium salt type polyether modified trisiloxane surfactant (QATS) has been prepared through the ring-opening reaction of ETS with N,N-dimethyl dodecyl tertiary amine DMA 12. The structure of ETS and QATS was characterized by IR and’H-NMR. Epoxy ring opening reaction are optimized by the orthogonal experiments, the optimum reaction conditions were as follows:reaction temperature,80℃, reaction time,6 h, n(ETS):n(DMA12)=1:1.05.(2) A new kind of sulfonate and polyether trisiloxane (SPTS) was synthesized by the sulfonation reaction of epoxy group polyether modified trisiloxanes (ETS) with sodium hydrogen sulfite (NaHSO3). ETS was prepared by hydrosilylation of 1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyl-trisiloxane (HTSO) with allyl epoxy group polyether (APEE) using chloroplatinic acid as the catalyst. The structure of ETS and SPTS was characterized by IR and 1H-NMR. The sulfonation reaction are optimized by the orthogonal experiments, the optimum reaction conditions were as follows: n(ETS):n(NaHSO3)=1:1.15, reaction temperature,90℃, reaction time,13 h.(3) A new kind of phosphate ester polyether modified trisiloxane surfactant (PATS) was prepared by hydrosilylation reaction and esterification reaction with using 1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyltrisioxane (HTSO), hydroxylterminated allylpoly-ether (FAE-10) and phosphoric acid (H3PO4) as raw material, chloroplatinic acid as catalyst. The hydroxyl-terminated polyethers modified trisiloxane (HTS) was synthesized through hydrosilylation reaction. And its relevant properties were characterized. The structure of PATS was characterized by IR and 1H-NMR. The esterification reaction process conditions are optimized by the orthogonal experiments, the optimum reaction conditions were as follows: n(HTS): n(H3PO4) =1.10, the reaction time was 6 h and the reaction temperature was 90℃.(4) To interfacial properties and application performance of the product QATS, SPTS and PATS were studied, and the results showed that the critical micelle concentration (cmc) are 1.04 10-3 mol·L-1、1.6 10 -3 mol·L-1 and 6.1110 -4 mol·L-1 respectively. The surface tension (γcmc) are 21.08 mN·m-1、 23.68 mN·m-1 and 24.12 mN·m-1 respectively. The absorb capability shows the tight arrangement of the molecules on the interface and QATS, SPTS and PATS to form micelles in aqueous solution is a spontaneous process. PATS have good foamability and stable foaming force, while QATS and SPTS foamability and stability are relatively poor. Emulsion performance tests showed that the three products have good emulsifying power in ethyl acetate and isoamyl alcohol, but in nonpolar petroleum ether and kerosene emulsion force is relatively small. QATS has the best hydrolysis resistance stability in alkaline and neutral environment. PATS has good hydrolysis resistance stability in acidic and neutral environment. SPTS has the best hydrolysis resistance stability in alkaline, acidic and neutral environment. The three products were respectively added to the methyl sulfur bacteria spirit suspending agent and 41% glyphosate isopropylamine salt water used as pesticide auxiliaries, anionic SPTS and PATS in glass, polyethylene plastic, buckeye leaves and leaf lettuce on the spreading performance was superior to cationic QATS, at the same time, the anionic SPTS and PATS on the glass plate and buckeye leaves the spreading performance was better than that of nonionic trisiloxane surfactants.(5) The product QATS, SPTS and PATS were mixed with AEO-3 respectively, when the mass ratio of 1:1, mixture solution of 0.1% add to the 41% glyphosate isopropylamine salt water 1000 times diluent, in the glass, polyethylene plastic, buckeye leaves and leaf lettuce on the spreading properties were studied The results showed that the mixed solution after spreading performance in different substrates improved significantly.