Extraction And Biological Activity Of Alkaloids And Tannins In Rhododendron Dauricum L.

The coarse powder of Rhodendron dauricum leaves turn into extractions with the conventional method of ultrasonic soaking in 95%ethanol solvent, and then extract by chloroform and ethyl acetate. Experimental process is mainly involved to investigation about chromatographic separation studying of the chloroform phase and ethyl acetate, systematic analysis and discussion on the thin layer chromatography, silica gel column chromatography and gas chromatography, and the gas phase-mass spectrometry GC-MS analysis technical appraisal. Chloroform phase in petroleum ether, ethyl acetate (4:1) elution gradient elution fractions under the communist party of China (identified nine compounds, Toluene, the relative content of 24.43%, Naphthalene, the relative content of 58.09%, Diisobutyl phthalate acid, the relative content 13.87%, and L(-)-Borneol, the relative content 2.53%. Besides,2,2-Dimethyl-3-pentanol, the relative content of 0.71%, n-Propyl acrylate, the relative content of 0.69%,2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol, the relative content of 0.96%, and Diisobutyl phthalate, the relative content of 0.41%, Palmitic acid ethyl ester, the relative content of 0.31%. Ethyl acetate phase in methanol, acetone (1:2) elution gradient elution fractions were identified under four kinds of compounds, Naphthalene, the relative content of 0.06%, Phenol,2,4-bis(l,1-dimethylethyl)-, the relative content of 1.8%, Dibutyl phthalate, the relative content of 97.6%.The extraction of total alkaloids from leaves of Rhododendron dauricum L. was carried out by ultrasonic method. UV spectroscopy was used for determining the amount of total alkaloids using the berberine as the standard. The extraction of total alkaloids were used to be antibacterial, the minimum antibacterial concentration and antioxidant test. The result showed that the extraction yield of total alkaloids from leaves of Rhododendron dauricum was 1.6%. The extraction of total alkaloids could inhibit Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The minimum concentration of antibacterial was both 83 μgmL=1. The extraction of total alkaloids has scavenging action to hydroxyl radical, nitrite and oxygen radical. The value of IC50 which the extraction of total alkaloids scavenging action to hydroxyl radical, nitrite and oxygen radical was 3.71 mg·L-1,4.58 mg·L-1 and 3.19 mg·L-1.Tannins was extracted by ultrasonic method from the leaves of Rhododendron dauricum L.Tannins content was determined by UV spectrophotometry and phosphomolybdic acid-phosphotungstic acid assay (F-D method). Single variable method and the orthogonal experiment method were used to optimize tannin extraction technology respectively, the best extraction conditions were determined.Finally, tannin of antioxidant capacity and antimicrobial activity was examinated. The optimal extraction conditions of Single variable method for the tannins of Rhododendron dauricum were the volume fraction of acetone 50%, solid-liquid ratio of 1:20, ultrasonic temperature of 60 ℃, extraction time of 40min. ultrasonic power of 90 W, We select the volume fraction of acetone, ultrasonic temperature, ultrasonic time, solid-liquid ratio as filter conditions, each factor choose three levels. Useing L9(34) orthogonal test method optimizes tannin extraction technology. The optimal extraction conditions for the tannins of Rhododendron dauricum were the volume fraction of acetone 40%, ultrasonic temperature of 40 ℃, extraction time of 40 min, solid-liquid ratio of 1:15. Tannin extract liquid of white rot fungus and brown rot fungi have a certain degree of inhibition. The minimum concentration of antibacterial was both 8.872×10-3 mg·ml-1and 1.109×10"3 mg·mL-1. The value of IC50 which the extraction of tannins scavenging action to hydroxyl radical, nitrite and oxygen radical was 4.42 g·L-1,5.05 g·L-1 and 3.36 g·L-1 respectively.