Study On Extraction Technology And Oxidative Stability Of Tara Seed Oil

Tara (Caesalpinia spinosa Kuntze) is a kind of tannic plant resource species introducted and cultivated from South America, which is a precious economic tree presents significant economic benefits, ecological benefits and social benefits. In recent years, it has received extensive attention among researchers. The tara seeds are obtained from the matureones after drying, the normal full condition’s tara seeds are rich in oil content, and with higher content of unsaturated fatty acids, but its comprehensive exploitation and utilization degree is relatively lower, correlation studies and reports are rarely seen. This experiment studies and examins the effects of different factors on the tara seed oil extraction yield, and its physical and chemical properties and fatty acid composition determination, providing some valuable reference for the study and comprehensive development of tara.Such methods as ultrasonic assisted extraction, soxhlet extraction and supercritical extraction are exploited to extract Tara seed oil respectively, and the response surface method are used for the optimization of the extract methods and the test parameters during the extraction process. Finally the best Ultrasound-assisted extraction Tara oil’s extraction conditions are obtained:1. Petroleum ether (PE),60-80 mesh,45 min,208 W,60℃and 12:1 is the optimal solvent, seed particle size, ultrasonic time, ultrasonic power, extraction temperature and ratio of liquid-solid were chosen as the optimum operating conditions respectively, the theory tara seed oil yield is 9.54%.2. Supercritical extraction optimum extraction conditions are as following:extraction time 120 min. extraction pressure 35 MPa, extraction temperature 47 ℃. With this extraction method the theory tara seed oil yield was 19.97%, the actual efficiency Tara yield as high as 19.24%, purer and without solvent residual. In the Petroleum ether ultrasonic extraction process, the tara seed oil actual yield efficiency is 9.51%, the tara oil yield is in the second place.3. And Soxhlet extraction tara seed oil actual yield efficiency was 8.9%, which shows the lowest extraction efficiency.4. By the comparison and analysis on the efficiency Tara seed oil yield with the above three extraction methods, we get that descending Tara oil yield efficency is:Supercritical CO2 fluid extraction> Petroleum ether ultrasonic extraction> Petroleum ether Soxhlet extraction. The oils physicochemical properties and component is detected and analyzed by the Gb method and GC-MS respectively, the result of which shows that the three different extraction methods have no significant differentiation on the Tara seed oil’s fatty acids composition and contents. And tara oil unsaturated content in the obtained oil by Supercritical fluid extraction is higher.5. In tara seed oil antioxidant experiments, by accelerating oxidation research on the carnosic acid with different concentration gradient on the effect of stability of the tara seed oil, and the comparation with the similarities and differences of antioxidant capacity between antioxidants (BHA、BHT and TBHQ) with the carnosic acid, coupled with a transverse comparison examines of the antioxidant effect of different antioxidants on the grease, ultimately carnosic acid as a food additive to tara seed oil has excellent antioxidant effect, which is characterized by the potential of replacing synthetic antioxidants.Thus, tara seeds have vital exploitation in food, medicine, etc. Especially the unsaturated fatty acid content so higher that has extreme beneficial to human body, which will make the tara seeds been studied and exploited more fully.