Effective Gut Remediation Of Chromium Induced Gut Microbiota Dysfunction By Lactobacillus Plantarum TW1-1 In Mice

Heavy metal pollution of food and water is a global problem. An efficiency way that can repair the heavy pollution of food and water is urgent need. This study puts forward a method to remediate heavy metal pollution of food and water, called ‘gut remediation’ which remediate heavy metal pollution through changing the structure and function of microbiome in host by probiotics. In this study, we evaluated the protective effects of Lactobacillus plantarum TW1-1, a selected probiotic with good chromium remove capacity, against acute chromium toxicity in mice. And the protect role of TW1-1 on colon mucosubstances, effects of TW1-1 on chromium ion concentrations in feces, small intestine, liver and kidney were determined. Results showed that compared to the mice received chromium only, TW1-1 treatment can effectively protect colon mucus layer function, decrease liver and kidney chromium absorption, increase feces chromium accumulation and protect from Cr induced suppression of weight gain partly. Weighted UniFrac principal coordinate analysis based on Miseq sequencing of fecal bacterial 16 S rRNA genes showed that TW1-1 shifted the structure of the Cr-disrupted gut microbiota distinct from the normal mice. At the species level, Cr increased relative abundance of unclassified Prevotella, unclassified [Prevotella] and unclassified S24-7 significantly, and caused a decreasing in unclassified Lactobacillus. While TW1-1 induced increasing in Prevotella copri, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Bacteroides uniformis, unclassified Ruminococcaceae and Bacteroides. Interestingly, TW1-1 could dramatically suppress unclassified Prevotella, unclassified [Prevotella] and unclassified S24-7. At the OTUs level, relative abundances of 79 operational taxonomic units(OTUs) were altered by chromium and TW1-1 changed the abundance of 49 OTUs among the 79 OTUs. Part of the reversed and increased species by TW1-1 were associated with abdominal infections, metabolisum, and anti-inflammatory. These results indicated that Lactobacillus plantarum TW1-1 may remediate chromium pollution of food and water.