| Poly(ethylene terephthalate)(PET) fabric has a wide application in apparel fabric, bedding article, decorating fabric and defence military industrial fiber products because of its high strength, good elasticity and high dimensional stability, et al. Super hydrophobic polyester textiles with hydrophobic function and self-cleaning property, has important application in industry, medical and military purpose, and is widely used in the production of daily life products, such as tent, umbrella, advertising flags and other products. Therefore, the research of preparation of super hydrophobic polyester textiles has become a domestic and international research hot topic in the textile industry. Recently, the technologies about fabrication of super-hydrophobic surface consist of etching technique, sol-gel process, layer-by-layer self-assembly method, phase separation and chemical vapor deposition means, et al. The methods for preparation of super hydrophobic polyester fabric are usually first making rough polyester fiber surface, and then reducing the surface energy by some chemical finishing agents. For example, in some of these technologies, the polyester fiber surface became rough after alkaline compound surface etching on polyester, and then covered with a hydrophobic finishing agent to prepare super hydrophobic polyester fabric. Sol-gel method and nanocrystal growth method could make nanoparticles adhered on the surface of the polyester fiber to make rough surface firstly, and then covered with a hydrophobic finishing agent to manufacture super hydrophobic surface. But these methods made polyester fabric strength loss seriously, or the adhered nanoparticles rough surface of poor durability, and the covered hydrophobic material of poor durability. Therefore, this article intended to study a method to make polyester fabric have rough surface stability and durable low surface energy to prepare super hydrophobic polyester fabric.In this paper, in order to prepare super hydrophobic polyester fabric, a nano-semi inlay of sucrose fatty acid ester(SFE) on the polyester surface layer was mainly studied under high temperature and high pressure, and using the acetylation to close hydroxide radical of sucrose ring for preparation of super hydrophobic polyester fabric. And under high temperature and high pressure, a micro-solubility and inlay treatment of polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS) on the surface layer of polyester fiber was studied to manufacture polyester fiber rough surface and lower surface energy simultaneously. The polyester fabric dyeing with disperse dye and polyester super hydrophobic finishing by PDMS in one bath process was also studied. The results are as follows:(1) Under the conditions of high temperature and high pressure, the roughness of polyester fibers surface could be enhanced significantly by the inlaying process of sucrose fatty acid ester(SFE), and the hydrophobic property of modified PET fabric could be improved through the acetic anhydride-mediating acetylation, then the super hydrophobic polyester fabric was prepared. When sucrose fatty acid ester concentration exceed 10.0 g/L, bath ratio was 1:30, the temperature 130 oC and time 60 min during inlaying procedure, and after the acetic anhydride-mediating acetylation process, the prepared hydrophobic surface could get the maximum water contact angle of 154.7o from 105.3o, sliding angle decreased from 41.5o to 8.2o. And spray rating of modified PET fabrics increased from 2 to 5 degree, bibulous rate reduced from 97.8% to 26.0%. At the same time, the modified polyester fabric had good washing resistance and abrasion resistance performance. The SEM observation showed that through the sucrose fatty acid ester inlay, the finished polyester fiber surface had many bulges, showing the roughness of modified PET fiber increased obviously. Infrared spectral analysis showed that the sucrose fatty acid ester successfully was embedded into the polyester fiber structure after the inlaying process, and the hydrophilic hydroxyl groups were acetylated successfully with the acetic anhydride-mediated. X-ray diffraction spectra and thermal stability of the modified polyester fabric showed there was no impact on the main structure of polyester fiber. Breaking strength, breaking elongation, crease elasticity, stiffness, air/moisture permeability and whiteness of finished polyester fabrics were retained well.(2) Under the conditions of high temperature and high pressure, the super hydrophobic polyester fabric was prepared by the micro-solubility and inlay treatment of polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS). The micro-solubility and inlay treatment could make the PET fiber surface rough and decrease the surface energy at the same time. When PDMS concentration exceed 5.0 g/L, bath ratio was 1:20, the temperature 130 oC and time 60 min, the water contact angle and water sliding angle of modified polyester fabric were above 150 o and less than 10 o respectively. Especially, when PDMS concentration was 30.0 g/L, the prepared super-hydrophobic surface could get the maximum water contact angle of 163.4o from 105.1o, sliding angle decreased from 41.5o to 7.0o. And spray rating of modified PET fabrics increased from 2 to 5 degree, at the same time, the modified polyester fabric had good washing resistance and abrasion resistance performance. The process has the characteristics of short process flow, high efficiency of hydrophobic modification, good modification effect, reduced energy consumption and environmental friendly. Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that the roughness of modified polyester fiber surface increased significantly. Infrared spectroscopy showed that, under the conditions of high temperature and high pressure, PDMS was successfully embedded into the polyester fiber, polyester fabric appeared new Si(CH3)2-O- and Si-O-Si vibration absorption peaks; Thermal stability and X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the main structure of the polyester fiber remained well and the thermal stability increased slightly, breaking strength decreased slightly, the crease recovery increased a little, bending stiffness and whiteness of modified fabrics were retained well.(3) The hydrophobic finishing with PDMS and dying process with disperse red 3B of polyester fabric could be carried in one bath. The prepared polyester fabric was dyed uniformly, and the color and dyeing K/S kept well. At the same time, compared with the polyester fabric after hydrophobic treatment only, the hydrophobic property did not change. The dyeing and hydrophobic finishing in one bath can significantly shorten the modification process, reduce the operation steps, decrease energy consumption and improve the production efficiency, having a good application prospect. |
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