Synthesis Of Polyglycerol Fatty Acid Ester With Vegetable Oil Fatty Acids

Polyglycerol fatty acid ester is a promising new emulsifier and quality improverwith many varieties, wide applicability, extremely outstanding emulsificationperformance, non-toxic and convenience etc. Preparation of Polyglycerol fatty acidester in high quality can not only improve the current product domestic which has apoor quality and simplex varieties because of the elementary separationtechnology,but also has the very high social benefits and economic benefits.Glycerol polymerization by the catalysis of alkali under high temperatures andnitrogen protection was studied. Reaction parameters, such as reaction time, reactiontemperature, catalyst dosage and catalyst varieties were investigated. The selectedconditions of polymerization catalyzed by sodium hydroxide were obtained as follows:reaction temperature of260℃, reaction time of4h, and catalyst dosage of3mol%(ofglycerol mole). Under these conditions, the concentration of the lowly polymerizedpolyglycerol in the reaction mixture was39.8%.A two-stage molecular distillation was applied to remove the unreated glycerolfrom the reaction mixure at110℃and to separate the lowly polymerized polyglycerolat210℃. A final product with a purity of94.1%, the recovery rate of97.5%of thelowly polymerized polyglycerol in the second-stage molecular distillation and theelimination rate of96.4%of the glycerol were obtained in the first molecular wereobtained.Production of oligomerized polyglycerol fatty acid ester by esterification ofindustry grade oleic acid with oligomerized polyglycerol catalyzed by phospholipaseA1(Lecitase Ultra) was investigated in this study．The reaction parameters includingreaction time, reaction temperature, enzyme dosage, molar ratio of substrates(industry grade oleic acid to oligomerized polyglycerol) and water dosage werestudied using response surface methodology (RSM).The optimum conditions obtainedby RSM were as follows: reaction temperature45℃,enzyme dosage1.6wt%(of thesubstrates mass) molar ratio of oliomerized plyglycerol to fatty acid1:1, reaction time 12h and water dosage4%.Under these conditions, the esterification efficiency. of theoily phase of the reaction mixture was58.25%. Some oligomerized polyglycerol fattyacid ester molecular species were identified by HPLC-ESI-MS.Production of oligomerized polyglycerol fatty acid ester by esterification of oleicacid with oligomerized polyglycerol catalyzed by solid super acid SO42-/ZrO2-SiO2was investigated in this study．Reaction parameters, such as reaction time, reactiontemperature and catalyst dosage were investigated. The selected conditions ofpolymerization catalyzed by sodium hydroxide were obtained as follows:reactiontemperature210℃,enzyme dosage0.35wt%(of the substrates mass) molar ratio ofoliomerized plyglycerol to fatty acid1.5:1(oleic acid to oligomerized polyglycerol),reaction time2.5h and water dosage4%.Under these conditions,99.0%esterificationefficiency can be obtained.