Integrated Assessment Of Coastal Zone Ecosystem Based On Remote Sensing

Coastal zone is the interacting region of ecosystem between mainland and ocean, which is the most concentrated region of human activities and also the foundation of social economy. These years, the unreasonable development and usage of Xiangshan coastal zone has gave rise to a serious damage on the ecosystem near coastal zone. In order to have a comprehensive understanding of the situation of coastal zone ecosystem, the integrate assessment of ecosystem of the coast line near Xiangshan Bay will be necessary. In this essay, the range of coastal zone of Xiangshan Bay is identified as the region including the land area which expanding 5~8km offshore towards the land and the area of the entire Xiangshan Bay.In this paper, it is studying on Xiangshan Bay. Under the support of extracting and interpreting remote sensing data, achieved all kinds of attributed information and land-use types of Xiangshan coastal zone. According to remote sensing data and contaminations fluxes which into the sea, establishing index system of coastal ecosystems to evaluating Xiangshan coastal ecology. Integrated assessment of Xiangshan Bay, combined ecological factors of coastal with marine ecosystem of harbor and analyzed the reasons for the difference.The dominating results are as follows:The results of remote sensing of Xiangshan Bay suggests that the entire square of plant within the studying area is 5, which occupied 60%(mostly is forest land); the residual areas are plow land, household land and industrial land, which take up 22.3%, 7.37% and 4.4% respectively; the sum of square of water and transportation equals to public management and service as nearly 10%, and the rest area is for other usage. According to the analyze of remote sensing, it is obvious that Xiangshan coastline has a high covering rate of plant, which indicates that the entire eco-environment has not been destroyed seriously.Vegetation coverage rate is closely related to human activities in Xiangshan coastal zone.The volatility of residential land, arable land and water nearly consistent. The same as the the land for industry, traffic and others.We divided the entire Xiangshan bay into 9 independent assessing unit of both coastal land and ocean according to the harbour ecological partitioning, catchment area of land distribution and distribution of converging water from the land and the polluting source into the sea.The assessment of eco-environment of internal zone of Xiangshan coastal zone indicates a satisfied situation of eco-environment with a high covering rate of plant, low affection of polluting, high biodiversity, stable ecosystem and a consummated ecological function. In the 9 evaluating units, the eco-environment located in 1L area shows a disappointing environment situation, where has a serious contaminate and a impaired function of ecology; the eco-environment in 2L, 7L,8L and 9L part of the port are medium, where have been polluted but not serious and the stable of the construction of ecosystem have been interfered; the environment of the 3L,5L and 6L regions behaves well, with a slight contaminating, high biodiversity and a relatively stable construction of ecosystem; the eco-environment in 4L part is the best.To considering the impact of coastal zone and marine ecological factors, comprehensive evaluated model is established to evaluating ecological Xiangshan Bay. Ecological distribution of Xiangshan Bay exhibit volatility, it shows good where is from entrance to the middle, and shows poor where is from the middle to the bottom of Xiangshan Bay.The general result of the assessment of Xiangshan Bay can be divided into three parts: the value of good evaluation from 2 to 2.125 can be regarded as mid-level such as the 1C, 2C, 3C, 4C region; the value of good evaluation from 1.75 to 1.875 can be regarded as general such as the 5C, 6Cregion;other regions obtain a poor environment, which the value of the assessment are 1.375.There are obvious changes in 1C and 4C region ecology assessment. Ecological factors on ecology were played a negative, positive impact of the whole harbor. It makes ecological assessment from perfect to good in first region, from general to good in fourth region. Due to the more frequent coastal development activities, such as a wide area of industrial land and a mass of pollutant emissions, 1C region ecological assessment dropped. Caused by having more woodland, ecological assessment rised in district 4.