Component Characteristics And Source Apportionment Of Total Suspended Particulates In The Typical Coastal Areas Of South Yellow Sea And East China Sea

Air is an essential part of our life, and air pollution will be related to the normal life of every one of us. Atmospheric particles, also known as aerosols, refer to liquids or solids that are all solid or liquid particles dispersed in the atmosphere, they have natural sources and human sources, The particals that aerodynamic size range of 0.01-100μm, usually called total suspended particulate（TSP）, TSP is the main component of atmospheric particulate matter.We set three sampling points in the South Yellow Sea（SYS）and East China Sea（ECS）, that is the Lianyungang Island, Shengshan Island, Beishuang Island, respectively, on behalf of the three direction of north, east, and south the East China Sea, meanwhiles Yangtze River navigation area（30°00′00″-35°00′00″N,121°00′00″-124°00′00″E）. We collected samples of total suspended particulates, analysis the chemical components including water soluble ions and metal elements in TSP, analysis seasonal change and distribution characteristics of the every chemical composition, The main source of TSP in the upper atmosphere of the Yangtze Estuary and its adjacent sea area is simulated by the backward trajectory, and The sources of atmospheric particulate matter in the 3 sampling points of the East Sea were analyzed by the chemical mass balance（CMB） receptor model. The main conclusions are as follows:1.NO3-, SO42-, Cl-, Na+, NH4+ are the major water soluble ions in the atmospheric TSP in the Yangtze Estuary, accounting for more than 93% of the total, showing a trend of low in spring and high in summer and autumn.From the regional distribution, the main ion concentration in the coastal area is larger than that of the far shore area. From the comparison of the sea area, the water soluble ion concentration in the East C hina Sea is greater than that in the South Yellow Sea, smaller than that in the South C hina sea. The the secondary ion in the East C hina Sea is larger than that in the Yellow Sea and South C hina Sea, and ions that is source of ocean is far less than the South China sea.2.Air mass moving path analysis showed that the atmosphere of the C hangjiang Estuary and its adjacent sea area is mainly influenced by the Yangtze River Delta, and the Yellow Sea coast, which a greater impact on the secondary ion in TSP. Atmospheric TSP comes mainly from the northeast of the Yellow Sea and Southwest / Northwest Chinese mainland. Large land-based gas secondary ion from the mainland of C hina by the influence of human activities was significantly greater than that of the source in marine gas, ions whose the source of ocean from the continental air mass is slightly smaller than that from the sea.3. Annual average concentration of atmospheric TSP in the three islands（Shengshan, Lianyungang, Beishuang）in South Yellow Sea and the East China Sea is 124.7μg/m3, 153.6μg/m3, 186.9μg/m3,which reaching the two level air quality standard. The concentration of Na+, Cl-, Mg²⁺ of marine ion in shengshan is larger than Lianyungang and Beishuang. Concentration of ions whose source of ocean in three islands is greater than that in inland city. The annual average concentration of the ion of NO3-, Ca²⁺, K+ is the largest, Beishuang lower, Shengshan is minimum.4.Spatially, Southern Yellow Sea and East C hina Sea atmospheric TSP generally showed higher than the coastal inland, and the north is higher than the south. The main ions of atmospheric TSP are NO3-, SO42-, Cl-, Na+, NH4+. Lianyungang island is high in spring, and the lower in summer and autumn trend, and Shengshan island is high in summer, spring and autumn lower trend, and Beishuang island is high in spring, lower in summer and autumn trend.5.The main heavy metals of TSP in Southern Yellow Sea and East China Sea are Pb, Ti, V, C r, Mn, N i, Zn, Cu, Al, Fe etc. Pb, Hg, As, Cd elements get the standard of air quality standards, and average annual concentration of Mn, N i, V get the International Health Organization standards. With the change of seasons, the heavy metals in Shengshan island is mostly in spring and autumn, lower in summer, Lianyungang mostly have a high in summer and low of spring, Beishuang island is high in spring and autumn, lower in summer trend. In view of the spatial variation, in addition to Cu, Shengzhou island is the lowest concentration of atmospheric heavy metals in three points, and Lianyungang island in addition to Pb and Zn concentration is greater than that in the Beishuang island, The concentrations of heavy metal in the atmosphere of the three islands are mostly lower than that of the inland cities, there is little difference with coastal city. In view of source, Hg, As, C u, Zn, Pb, V, C r, N i and Cd belong to the strong enrichment of elements, derived from human; Some soil source elements such as Ti, Fe and Mn are mainly derived from the natural world.6.According to CMB model, Shengshan, Lianyungang and Bei Shuang were mainly affected by marine and soil, soil and traffic dust respectively. In spring and summer, Sulfate particles, nitrate particles and soil source are the three main sources of Shengshan and Beishuang island, and Lianyungang is nitrate particles, sulfate particles and traffic sources. In autumn, the contribution of nitrate particles decreased, sulfate particles, soil source and traffic source is the three main sources of Shengshan, Sulfate particles, traffic sources and nitrate particles are in Lianyungang, Beishuang is for sulfate particles, dust and soil source.In this study, the chemical composition characteristics o f typical marine atmosphere in the coastal area of East China Sea and South Yellow Sea were analyzed systematically. And the source of atmospheric particulate matter in offshore area of South Yellow Sea and East Sea is resolved by using the backward trajec tory and chemical mass balance model.