A Research On The Discrepancy Of Genders’ Action Space Of Landscape Morphology In Zhang Guying

Zhangguying Village is the most complete religious settlement architecture of Ming and Qing Dynasties in Southern Yangtze area. Since ancient times, we do a lot of searces on Archaeology, Architecture, and Tourism while scarcely about activity space, character and behavior of feminity. However, as a significant part of Zhangguying,a religious settlement, we should have paid close attention and deep investigation on feminity and we couldn’t ignore the investigation and discussion of Gender Space.This thesis takes Zhangguying’s Gender Space as the research object, inspecting bisexual circumstance, architectural form, layout and so on aim to restore spatial distribution, scenes of life, look into time and shape of transition of Gender Space, analyze similarity and specialty between bisexual space activity. The paper adopts literature research, observation method, interview, measurement, case, connecting sociology, architecture and study theory of Gender Space. There are many gender differences in sphere of activities, which is closely interrelated with clanism, custom, age and family clan. The detailed results are as follows:(1)There are some obvious gender discrepancy on activities’ sphere in the axes of the three houses in Zhangguying Village. The activities’ sphere of male and female is separate palpably owing to clanism, custom, age and identity. For the different ideas of builder and period, there are differences among the three houses, but remained roughly the same form.(2) The gender discrepancy of activities’ sphere is not restrictive isolation. But one can easily found that male’s action space possesses taste, viries in size, height and brightness but purse unification in changes. While female’s livelihood environment is monotonous, depressing, dark, and cramped, which embodies men’s dominance and women’s subordination both in the society and family.(3)Generally speaking, on one hand, the precedence of man’s sphere of activities is determined by age and viscounty. They are free men, who can enter most of the buildings allodially. While, on the other hand, the situation is quite different to women. The scope of women’s moving is strictly delimited. And the discrepances of women’s restriction ranges, according to the financial strength of the man that she attaches to.(4)These diverse regulations of gender differences vary due to the circumstances of morning and bedtime’s greeting, wedding and new years’ celebrating. Only if at these times could women be delegated the rights to be in the center room or the pathway of front gate and the chance to be one of the main characters in family matters. However, men still occupied the dominating position over women.As showed by the results, the clan settlement of Zhangguying Village also consistents with the traditional philosophy of "the Domestic Wife and Social Husband". And the architectural distinction expresses the gender gap and moral order of men’s superior to women through substance. This is mainly because men are the mainstay of our society. They can be more involved in the architectural building activities, and thus ignore the feminine demand and esthetic. However, nowadays, women become an indispensable part of modern society. We need to bring gender analysis and solicitude into city planning and designs and create more humanized designs.