Study On Restoration Design Of Song Pavilions And Buildings Based On The Regime Of Large Wood Structures In Building Methods In Song Dynasty

In the Song Dynasty, the Liao Dynasty and the Jin Dynasty, the territory at thattime was divided into two parts politically, the north and the south. However, richsouth regions enhanced economy development, and meanwhile the architecturedevelopment was also prosperous. North regions, by absorbing the advanced cultureand technologies from the south regions inhabited by Han people, was also followingthe pace. The open neighborhood-styled urban layout, the diversified architecture types,the constantly developing architecture technologies and regional architecture featuresmade cities and architectures in the Song Dynasty be an important turning point in theancient history of architectures. The large-pavilion-and-building architectures in alldynasties were major targets of odes and descriptions by poets and writers. However,the existing famous buildings and pavilions were mainly built by imitating orconsulting architectures in other dynasties. It means that they are different from theoriginal ones.In the study domain of architecture history in China, there is yet to be a completeand clear-cut system of studies about the overall veining of wood pavilions andbuildings in Song Dynasty as well as the related size logic, materials, measurement, etc.Instead, they are often compared with pavilion&building architectures in Ming andQing Dynasties in longitudinal direction, and the wooden pavilion&buildingarchitectures are taken as a separate architecture category to be compared in transversedirection. As a result, there are few studies that pursue the internal logics andinterrelations. The author deems the wood pavilions and buildings in Song Dynasty asthe research object, adopts such approaches as case study, literature study, documentsum-up as well as induction and analysis, etc., and studies the structure andconstruction of wood pavilions and buildings, particularly large wood structure as themajor research object, trying to explore the internal logics and interrelations, andtaking that as the basis of designing and rebuilding the Song pavilions and buildings inGarden of Chinese Wonders in Qihe of Shandong Province.Though China now only has a few wood pavilion and building examples left overfrom Song Dynasty, Liao Dynasty and Jin Dynasty, because there are many studydomains of architecture history in China and studies of similar orientation with this topic, laying solid literature foundation for this study. Based on research about largewood structure system as described in Building Methods (Ying-tsao Fah-shih), theauthor has expanded the age limit of case study objects while analyzing the woodpavilions and buildings such as Mercy Goddess Pavilion in Dule Temple in Ji Countyof Tianjin, the Zhuanlun-zang Hall and Cishi Pavilion in Longxing Temple ofZhengding County in Hebei Province, etc. By consulting relative literatures anddocuments about the building methods of Song Dynasty, the paintings describing woodpavilions and buildings in Song Dynasty, building methods in Song Dynasty, LiaoDynasty and Jin Dynasty, and influences of regional cultures and environments onarchitectures, the author takes the previous research results as the leading points andadopts such methods as comparison, induction and sorting-out to explore the possibleinternal logic in measurement and materials for wood pavilions and buildings in SongDynasty and conclude the building laws followed by Song architects and technicians.At the same time, the author also uses the theoretical study as the basis, bears upon theancestors’ experience in restored and archaized architectures, and uses the modularregime, and measurement and materials ways in building wood pavilions andstructures in Song Dynasty to design and re-build Song pavilions and buildings in theGarden of Chinese Wonders in Qihe of Shandong Province so as to deepen theconception and understanding of the most attractive and distinctive traditional woodstructures and lasting architecture culture in China.