Study On Classification And Grading Method Of Building Fire Accident Potentials

Fire accidents can easily lead to a large number of casualties. Accident statistics show that immediate cause of most fire accidents are fire accident potentials(APs). China’s current grading and controlling mechanisms on the fire APs is not in place, and the laws and regulations of fire APs classification lack of theoretical and quantitative guidance. Fire inspection personnel do their jobs in inspection just with experience, easy to cause fire hazard rectification improper. In order to manage fire APs scientifically, a scientific method of fire APs classification shall be established, grading control and hierarchical control the fire APs according to the fire APs risk, achieve the purpose of investigation and management timely.Fire APs classification and grading in this paper is based on the perspective of risk. The creative fire risk possibility classification method based on the fire APs and excitation factors are provided. Giving the initial value to the different categories of buildings and according to the actual situation, selected indexes to correct initial value to determine the fire accident severity, and then obtain the fire risk grading.The specific content of this paper is carried out from the following aspects:(1) Through Analysis of the definition of fire APs and accidents, determine the building fire APs judgment method.Analysis of accident causation theory and the fire occurrence and development process to establish the occurrence and development of fire accident model,drawing the fault tree of fire occurrence and development process. The fire APs classification and grading method based on the fire APs and the excitation factor are provided.(2) Determining the factors of likelihood of the development processes of the two incidents and accidents structure functions. According to the occurrence and development of fire accident model, getting the possibility affecting factors of the occurrence and development of fire accident are fire APs and stimulating factors.According to the different function in the occurrence and development of fire accident, fire APs will be divided into APs in advance and APs during accident.(3) Determine the range and levels of factors. Determine APs exposure probability values by selecting the buildings of 8-12 hours and 12-24 hoursoperation as the object to calculate the APs exposure probability range and grade; through the selection of keywords and matrix analysis, obtain the excitation factors probability values range and level.(4) Determine the range and level of the fire accident. Divide the different buildings into different classification. To assign different initial values by different buildings, and select the casualties and property loss and cease three key indexes to correct the initial values to determine the range and level of the consequences.(5) Determine the fire APs grading based on fire APs and excitation factors.According to the possibility range of initial and final accident and fire accident consequence range,based on the method of risk analysis, calculate the fire risk to determine the range of risk level.(6) Empirical studies. The proposed method is applied to a building getting substantial effect.