The Design Of PV- Battery Complementary Solar Preferred Controller In The Solar Electric Vehicles

With the rapid development of the world economy, demand for energy is growing. The raw materials like oil, gas and coal are the primary energy resources all over the world, which would lead to the gradual exhaustion of the energy and the increasing deterioration of the environment, the energy-saving and environmental protection has become the two major themes of the globe progress in 21 st century. The technology of solar electric vehicles combines vehicle technology, solar technology and the other high technologies, which reflects the effort of pollution reduction by using the new energy. The design of the photo-voltaic controller is the key of the design of the solar electric vehicles. With regard to the shortcomings of traditional solar charge controller is inefficient, this paper is about the newly designed solar preferred complementary controller of the solar electric vehicles based on ATmega16 microprocessor. The main features are listed as following.First, The principle analysis of PV- Battery complementary solar preferred controller. Through the principle analysis of PV- Battery complementary solar preferred controller, this paper is designed the dual-input DC / DC converter circuit, which could realize solar cells’ MPPT, the solar cells and batteries output simultaneously to meet the demand of the load. In addition to achieving the solar preferred functions of PV- Battery complementary controller, it can also duly store energy, which effectively use the solar energy.Second, The hardware design of PV-Battery complementary solar preferred controller. As to the design of the hardware circuit, the paper gives a detailed design specifications and parameters on the designs of the controller voltage, current sampling circuit, PWM power tube drive circuit, protection circuit, and auxiliary power circuit according to the specifications of the controller.Third, The software design of PV-Battery complementary solar preferred controller. Using ATMEL’s ATmega16 as the main control chip, this paper is designed the main program and part of the subprograms’ flow chart. The subprograms include controller mode conversions, MPPT, battery charge and discharge management.Fourth, Simulation and experiment. On the condition of MATLAB / SIMULINK, the simulation model is built to simulate the maximum power of the solar conditions and dualinput DC / DC converter driver is tested. The results of the simulation and experiment show the design is reasonable.Based on the realization of the PV-Battery complementary solar preferred controller, this paper proposed dual-input DC/DC converter circuit, which features the simple structure, low voltage switching devices stress. In addition to the circuit can realize solar cells and batteries power to the load alone and simultaneously. When the solar cells and batteries power to the load at the same time, the controller chooses the energy emitted by solar cells.