Study On Disastrous Structures And Models Of Water-burst And Mud-burst In Deep And Long Tunnel

With the development of China’s economy, state investment in infrastructure is alsoincreasing rapidly. Tunnel construction is in the ascendant. Due to China’s vast andcomplicated geological conditions, tunnel construction in most cases requires crossingthe large mountains. Construction of those deep and long tunnels often encountersvarious kinds of unfavorable geologic bodies, such as fault,karsts and undergroundwater,which have triggered more and more tunnel geological disasters.Water-burst and mud-burst is one of the most serious geological disasters in thedeep and long tunnel construction. Without precaution, it often causes huge economiclosses of property and even casualties at times. It is closely related to geological bodieswhich distributed ahead of the tunneling excavation face and outside the tunnelingexcavation outline. Based on comprehensive analysis of the causes of various water andmud-burst cases from home and abroad, five water-burst disastrous structures(water-bearing bodies) and three mud-burst disastrous structures and their geologicalfeatures were systematically summarized in this paper, that is, highly fractured zone ofun-cemented water-rich compressive upper wall, un-cemented water-rich extensionalfault zone, fractured zone of un-cemented water-rich slippery bedding plane (closelyjointed rock-mass), water-bearing karsts,underground water-bearing syncline; mixed clayfilled with water karst, surface interlinked saturated clay filling karst, large compressivefaults main fault gouge zone. Meanwhile, the models and hazard characteristics ofdisastrous structures are summarized. This paper also illustrated for modes by examplesin the last. Hope this article helps to improve the disaster forecast accuracy of water-burstand mud-burst, and contribute to disaster warning and disaster prevention.