Study On The Optimize Configuration Of The Large Oil Spill Response Equipment In A Regional Port Area

As the ships becoming larger and the more and more VLCC appearance in Port, the oil spill risk from ships is becoming large. In order to protect the environment of the ocean, the terminals should strengthen their oil spill emergency response capacity by building and equip with the appropriate oil spill response resources. The oil spill resource can divided into three parts, those are oil spill emergency supplies, small oil spill response equipment and large oil spill response equipment. Oil spill emergency supplies(such as absorption felt, booms, oil spill dispersants) and the small oil spill response equipment(such as oil spill dispersant spray devices) are mainly response to the small quantity of oil spill accidents. Every terminals should equipped with some oil spill emergency supplies and the small oil spill response equipment in the fact of that the small quantity oil spill accident may occur at any time such as the pipeline rupture, error caused by the oil into the sea. The large oil spill response equipment is(such as professional oil recovery ships, etc.) is manly response to the larger quantity of oil spill accident. Considering the fact that the oil spill accidents are usually small probability of random events, and have to long construction, high purchase and management costs, it should allocate the professional oil recovery ships optimally. So that one professional oil recovery ship can be shared by all the terminals in an area and response to the oil spill accidents in the same time.In order to allocate the large oil spill response equipment optimally, this paper takes a harbor area as an example. The oil spill risks of single terminals and the terminals joint in the harbor is calculated firstly, and then the harbor is divided into several area by using fuzzy clustering method to decider the number, the location of the lager oil spill emergency response equipment. At last, we based on the convolution calculation method to calculate the oil spill risk in each area to determine the size of the large oil spill response equipment and its cost-sharing.Base on the theoretical analysis, this paper is also applied into the designation of the optimal allocation of professional oil recovery ships in Zhoushan Port. By calculating the oil spill risks of the single terminals and the terminals joint of the Zhoushan Port, the Zhoushan Port is divided into six areas and the schedule of optimal allocation of professional oil recovery ships in Zhoushan port is also proposed. This schedule is highly recognized by the Zhoushan Maritime Safety Administration, the Zhoushan oil spill response office and other authorities, and is into the implementation phases. A professional oil recovery ship is going to located in Waidiao Island in the year of 2015, Zhoushan port. The terminals in Waidiao Island can share professional oil recovery ship. Compare to the traditional schedule, the share sechdule can save more than 50 million yuan.