Monitoring And Controlling Of Indoor Air Pollutants In Cold Rural Areas In Winter

China has a large rural population and vast lands, therefore we have broad prospects in the field of rural indoor environment and energy applications. However,there is a considerable number of problems of indoor pollution existing in rural houses.Winter is long and cold in north China, and there is hardly any central heating in rural areas. People there mainly burn firewood and coal for heating. On the one hand,it’s not warm enough to be comfortable; on the other hand, burning firewood and coal causes serious pollution which is harmful for people. In order to discharge indoor air pollutants, people need to open windows and doors. But in this way, indoor temperature drops acutely. More fuel is needed to keep a suitable temperature and energy is wasted.There is a contradiction between maintaining good indoor air quality and saving resources.In order to solve the problem above, monitoring and controlling of indoor air pollutants in cold rural areas in winter are researched, distribution of indoor air pollutants is found, and effective control scheme is proposed. The purpose of this paper is solving the problem of indoor air quality in rural houses, improving indoor environment in rural areas in cold regions, and saving energy as possible.The research consists of four parts as following:1. Measuring concentration of indoor air pollutants in rural houses and finding its variation laws;2. Establishing the model of a rural house, determining the distribution of indoor air pollutants, and proposing dividing foundation of ventilation modes by CFD simulation;3. Proposing automatic controlling scheme of indoor air pollution by the theory of pattern recognition and introducing the implementation;4. Proposing and verifying the solution of backflow of smoke.Monitoring and controlling of indoor air pollutants in cold rural areas in winter are studied by measurement and CFD simulation, and conclusions are as following:1. There are some problems of indoor air pollution in cold rural areas in winter;the most representative pollutants are CO and CO2, and their concentration is closely related to indoor combustion activities and personnel activities respectively;2. The concentration of air pollutants reaches the highest level around the source,and is the lowest near the door and the vent; indoor air pollutants can be effectively excluded from the vent in the roof; if the concentration of CO is lower than 15 ppm and that of CO2 is lower than 3000 ppm, indoor air quality can reach the standard by natural ventilation, and if the concentration of CO is higher than 15 ppm and that of CO2 is higher than 3000 ppm, mechanical ventilation is necessary;3. The controlling scheme of indoor air pollution is based on pattern recognition;indoor air quality is divided into three categories, namely, “fine”, “moderately polluted”and “seriously polluted”, and each category corresponds to a ventilation mode, namely,no ventilation, natural ventilation and mechanical ventilation; division of indoor air quality is based on “Indoor Air Quality Standards” and the results of CFD simulation;concentration under 10 ppm(CO) and 1964.3 ppm(CO2) means “fine”, concentration between 10 ppm(CO), 1964.3 ppm(CO2) and 15 ppm(CO), 3000 ppm(CO2) means“moderately polluted”, and concentration above 15 ppm(CO) and 3000 ppm(CO2)means “seriously polluted”;4. When there is backflow of smoke in the room, men indoor should turn on the fan and let outside air flow into the room to keep pressure indoor positive and dilute the concentration of pollutants.