Aircraft Self-powered Sensors With Thermal And Vibration Hybird Energy Harvester

It is of great importance to adopt distributed wireless sensor nodes in the surveillance of aircraft structural parameters. Battery is the most widely used power supply mode, which is neither realistic nor economic because of the large number of nodes, the wide distribution, limited battery power and complex wire arrangement. As a result, it is very important for the power supply problem of sensors to be solved.The research contents and innovations of this paper are as follows. At first, the necessity of energy self- collecting sensor on the plane and the update domestic and foreign development of hybrid energy harvesting technology are studied. The characteristics of environmental temperature and vibration during flight are explored for the design of energy harvesting sensor. The hybrid energy harvesting sensor, which can harvest thermal energy and vibration energy at the same time, has be developed on the basis of vibration energy harvesting technology and thermal energy harvesting technology. Firstly, the scheme of adaptive impedance matching system for energy harvesting model of TEG(Thermoelectric Generator) is proposed, which realizes the adaptive impedance matching of power and load and reaches maximum output power by using PID algorithm based PWM(Pulse Width Modulation) technology. Secondly, SECE(Synchronous Electric Charge Extraction) with high-accuracy on-off control is used to harvest vibration energy to extract charge efficiently in piezoelectric energy harvesting module. In addition, a voltage start-up circuit is proposed to realize the switch of power-down mode and power-up mode to solve the following problems. First, the microcontrollers for power management are at power-down mode when starting the system; second, energy harvesting and control can not be done easily. Finally, the function of each module is proved through experiment, and performance test is carried out after prototype is produced. Experiment results show that the scheme proposed in this paper can improve the energy harvesting efficiency and the output electric power greatly, and is of considerable feasibility.