Structural Selection Of An 800-meter-span Dome

Architectural features increasingly diverse requires that the building can provide greater space of the use. Throughout the history of the spatial structure, how to improve the capability of building structures across space has been a relentless pursuit of structural engineers. In such a long historical process from the Pantheon in Roman times to the Small Sports Palace of Rome in 1957, the structure spanning capability almost has no improvement, subjecting to the level of development of building materials. The structure spanning capability achieve a quantum leap with the development of new materials, new processes, new technologies and new structures in recently three decades. Now the span of the spatial structure has reached the magnitude of 300 m. The development of spatial structures provides some technical support for the exploration of greater span dome structures.At the same time, the construction demands of super-large-span dome structures appear increasingly with the development and progress of human society. People hope to create a suitable small area environment for human survival in harsh environments, such as the Polar, desert or the outer planets. People hope that they can protect the urban from the effects of environmental degradation and natural disasters. It can save large quantity of energy during urban development process. Structures master coming from American and European countries began to do research in kilometer super-large-span dome structures, and put forward several conceptual structural designs in the 1960 s.The research of super-large-span dome structures is a multi-disciplinary systematic project. The first need to solve the problem for it is that choosing what kind of architectures is rational, for such a huge span, and needing to bear complex loads. To solve the structural selection of 800 m super-large-span dome structures, this paper have carried out some research works as following:Fistly, establishing a unified evaluation criteria for structural design.Based on the current engineering design specifications and combined with the current level of technological development, it establish the unified technical standards included structure design and structural performance analysis. Firstly, I explore the applicability of lightweight, high strength materials in large-span structural design of the dome to make a reasonable choice of building materials. Secondly, in order to improve the efficiency of program selection, I program the truss element and the beam element section design and verify its correctness. Finally, to solve the program of traditional finite element method to calculate the structure of the whole process of analysis, such as non-convergence, "drift back" and other issues, the vector form intrinsic finite element methord is introduced, and study the value of relevant parameters.Secandly, the exploration of rigid structures.Rigid structure is most commonly used in engineering applications in the form of the structure, is the first choice of large span domes structural selection. To the rigid structure, beginning from Kiewitt crossover truss reticulated shell structures, successively adjust the upper and lower chord member topology, shape and structure of surface meshing methods, comprehensive performance comparison of the different structure of the program, and obtain a relatively rigid structure optimum scheme. On this basis, to carry out structural parameters analysis, such as structural span, span ratio, supporting way, structural thickness and mesh size, to understand the impact of different parameters on the structural properties, and finally better parameter values are given.Thirdly, the exploration of rigid and flexible composite structures.Composite structure combines a rigid structure and a flexible structure reasonably, in order to obtain a better structural performance and architectural renderings. To composite structures, to improve the structure of the program based on the permeability, and combinate different forms of the mechanical characteristics of the structure, select cable supported lattice shell structures and the grid structure strengthening cable lever, to explore their applicability in large span domes. Combinated cable supported lattice shell and double lattice shell, structural performance is obtained. To the grid structure strengthening cable lever, study cable support geodesic grid structure, cable support quadrilateral mesh structure and cable support giant truss support structure to obtain structural performance.