Research On Train Wheels Bruises Fault Diagnosis System Based On Acoustic Technology

The wheels are the key of running trains institutions. With the rapid development of China railway technology, the quality of train wheels affects the safe operation of the train and passenger life and property safety, found scratches on the surface of the running train wheels fault in a timely manner, with the key and realistic significance, this paper puts forward a kind of acoustic technology train wheels fault diagnosis system.In this paper, the train wheels abrasion fault diagnosis system based on acoustic technology is mainly composed of four parts, such as acoustic sensor, data acquisition card, industrial machine and wireless communication module. This fault diagnosis system based on the principle of acoustic detection is studied, when running the wheels of the train fault occurs, the surface abrasion between the wheel and rail contact will produce abnormal sound, the sound signal in time domain and frequency domain parts has obvious difference with normal voice signal, this difference can diagnose the scratches on the surface of the running train wheel failure, and then analyze the degree of abrasion.Fault diagnosis system by installing in the vicinity of the acoustic sensor and wheel to complete the data acquisition of wheel sound signal acquisition, data processing and fault diagnosis by a data processing system, namely industrial single machine to complete, the results of the processing is completed through wireless communication module to send to the terminal industrial PC, fault information display on the industrial PC, relevant personnel to operate.In this paper, based on the theory of wheel abrasion, details of diagnosis system based on acoustic technology hardware part, software part and the fault diagnosis method have been introduced. The hardware design of Acoustic fault diagnosis system mainly includes the acoustic sensor and data acquisition card PCH2001 which composed of data acquisition part, industrial single trigger PCM3362 Z which composed of data processing system, the wireless communication equipment PC1212 which composed of data communication parts and industrial control data show. Software part includes sound collection, storage, data processing, such as the fault communication programming, disposal of judgment of the preprocessing phase, analysis of time domain and frequency domain analysis phase is the key and difficult point for research work in this paper, with the development of software tools for VC+ + 6.0 and MATLAB.Finally, the research on feature extraction and fault diagnosis part, by using the combined method of time domain and frequency domain, time domain preliminary judgment, the frequency domain final validation, using time domain feature parameters, such as RMS, average and kurtosis coefficient of time-domain preliminary fault judgment, combined with the corresponding frequency domain phase verification of failure process analysis, in order to improve the efficiency of diagnosis by using FFT, the fast Fourier transform.In this paper, the train wheels abrasion fault diagnosis system based on acoustic technology has been installed and debugged in the running train, it can accurately diagnose the fault and the abrasion of the train abrasion degree, good results have been achieved, the on-board fault diagnosis system overcomes the disadvantage of the system, and has the value of research and use.