Research On The Distribution Network Fault Detection Based On Wireless Sensor Network (WSN)

Distribution network, which directly connected to the user, is the key to ensure power supply quality, improve the efficiency of grid and make innovations in customer services. Intelligent distribution network has a complicate structure and it’s difficult to achieve the collection of large-scale terminal information. Using the advanced wireless sensor network technology to build a wireless communication network gradually becomes an important research direction of distribution network intelligence. Distribution network fault detection is the basis of power system and distribution automation system. In order to solve the problem, this paper proposes a distribution network fault detection scheme based on wireless sensor network. The scheme can enhance the security, reliability and stability of data transmission in the distribution network system by improving the wireless sensor network routing algorithmAiming at the distribution network fault detection problem, this paper embarks from the frame structure and fault detection requirements of distribution network and put forward a general distribution network fault detection scheme based on self-organizing wireless sensor network (WSN).In order to meet the reliability requirements of wireless sensor network applied to distribution network fault detection, a Reliable WSN routing algorithm for Detecting Distribution network Fault (RDDF) was proposed. The algorithm presented a new lightweight trust value calculation method to prevent attacks on trust model. During the multi-hop between clusters and the election of cluster heads, the trust value was introduced to avoid malicious nodes affecting network reliability. According to the location factor, distance factor, trust value and residual energy of cluster nodes, the algorithm can choose the most appropriate forwarding cluster nodes to optimize the routing in the stage of multiple hops between clusters. The simulation results show that the algorithm could effectively eliminate malicious nodes, prevent malicious attacks and prolong the network life time at the same time. Distribution network fault detection system requires high route reliability for wireless sensor network (WSN). For this reason, a WSN topology for power distribution network fault detection was designed and a Reliable WSN Routing method for distribution network Fault Detection (RRFD) was proposed. The method firstly assigned Hop value for each node based on minimal Hop algorithm and selected optimal node considering the next-hop path loss and energy loss. The weights to allocate reliability and energy consumption could be reasonably adjusted according to distribution network fault detection demand. Results of simulation and tests verified feasibility of the proposed topology of novel RRFD. Comparing with traditional routing method, novel RRFD can reduce energy consumption and dramatically improve reliability, thus it is suitable to distribution network fault detection.