Research On Aerodynamics Characteristics Of Heavy-Duty Truck And Modeling Design Based On CFD

With the continuous improvement of human material needs, the advent of heavy-duty truck tractors, quickly welcomed by the people, it quickly became a highly efficient, fast, convenient and accurate cargo transport vehicle, it is widely used in cargo transportation industry. But as is increasing the international energy crisis, air pollution and global warming and other issues, it is designed for heavy-duty truck tractor presents new challenges. Asking them not only to have strong transport capacity, also needs to minimize energy consumption.To solve this problem, this paper from the aerodynamic point of view, the relationship of the heavy-duty truck tractor styling with its aerodynamic performance to do in-depth research and analysis, and in accordance with the laws designed a summary of the long head of the heavy truck models to aerodynamic drag coefficient CD value dropped to 0.329. The main contents and characteristics are as follows:(1) For the aerodynamics involved were physical study and discussion, study the state of motion and variation of fluid and gas flow under various conditions at the time of the vehicle body and generated by aerodynamic forces on the vehicle aerodynamic moment Impact. While a detailed analysis of several factors constituting the aerodynamic drag, and its proportion in the total resistance. CFD technology through research, basic principles of fluid dynamics numerical simulation involved and the basic solution method for in-depth study, to lay the foundation for the study, analysis and numerical parameters set late, etc., have a more complete theory recognized knowledge and technological mastery.(2) Standard promulgated by the US Department of Energy reference GCM heavy truck model was set up to select the model, 3D modeling, meshing, FLUENT numerical simulation from the comparative analysis and comprehensive description of study for subsequent experiments established a unified the standard test procedures and reference data.(3) Respectively on the market four common heavy truck models were established and CFD simulations aerodynamic geometric model, after experimental data analysis and comparison, the proven GCM type of heavy truck models drag coefficient of the lowest air kinetic best performance.(4) In the design of new low-drag heavy laden tractor, the model in the shape of a reference to the GCM for its windscreen angle, body surface, cargo boxes and other regions prone to turbulence made further modifications and redesigned to make the drag coefficient CD dropped from 0.408 to 0.329. And from the aesthetic needs, improve its aerodynamic geometric model for the design and modeling work on its facade and the various parts of the body details body parts, giving it a unique product appearance and product qualities.In summary, this paper, the basic principles of aerodynamics using CFD numerical analysis technique outflow of GCM models and existing heavy truck models were validated and analyzed. Under the GCM model has proved a low drag coefficient of the case, such as the reference model, we designed a new aerodynamic model, and after proof has a better aerodynamic performance even further their appearance thereof design, completed the design goals of this topic. To further reduce the aerodynamic drag coefficient of heavy-duty truck fuel economy has a positive meaning.