Research On Double Wishbone Independent Suspensions Design Of Heavy-duty Vehicles

Research data show that independent suspension of heavy off-road vehicle uses split axle and the tires on both sides can run out independently. This feature can not only reduce vehicle body tilt and vibration to help vehicle get better in ground adhesion, but also lower the engine position and reduce the mass center height of the whole vehicle to improve riding comfort. This technology has been widely applied and developed abroad. A company has noticed the increasing demand for heavy off-road vehicles inland.Firstly, according to the situation and development trend of heavy off-road vehicle suspension technology, this article determines the structure type of independent suspension and the design scheme. Finally, the type of double wishbone independent suspension is put to use.The design principle is to take full consideration of current production capacity and achieve universality and practicability to the utmost extent.Secondly, according to the needs of vehicle design, it carries out the design of parts of independent suspension. These parts are composed of variable stiffness coil spring, upper and lower sway arm and master pin. The shock absorber is chose to match these parts.Then, based on the 3D software, the geometric model is established. The next step is to import the model into finite element software to make strength and rigidity calculation under three typical working conditions of full-loaded, breaking and extreme. By this way, it judges the rationality of the structure and material of different parts. Analysis shows that structure design of suspension parts meets the strength requirements.Moreover, multi-body dynamics model of independent suspension is established. It conducts the kinematic simulation analysis of suspension on the basis of ADAMS. The results show that structure design of suspension satisfies the requirement of wheel alignment parameters.It also analyzes the influence on the stability of driving by suspension stiffness, partial frequency and damping coefficient. The results show that the kinematics characteristics of double wishbone independent suspension designed independently is reasonable.Lastly, the experiment is performed according to standards GB/T 16947-2009 namely helical springs fatigue testing standard. This experiment provides the basis for the reasonable design and material selection of variable stiffness coil spring. Road enhancement test is also performed to verify the reliability of the suspension and coil spring. The result shows that the indicators of independent suspension designed according to calculation and simulation meet the whole vehicle design requirements and verifies the program feasibility. Research results have positive significance on localization development of independent suspension system of heavy off-road vehicle.