A Study On Agricultural Loans In Shaanxi Province (1934-1940)

The late 1920s, the Northwest drought is particularly serious in Shaanxi Province, coupled with successive years of warlord infighting, Gou donated miscellaneous taxes for a long time, usury prevailed, leading to all sorts of natural disasters the people living in misery, miserable. Beginning in the 1930s, the new agricultural credit institution bank has been active in Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi agricultural credit market, compared to traditional lending organization, the new agricultural credit system both in terms of construction or borrowing more in line with the prevailing market conditions and causes of rural improvement and transformation of lending institutions and rural production concept, the rural economy in the 1930s restoration and development has played a catalytic role.Full text is divided into five chapters:The first chapter on the 1920s and 1930s in rural Shaanxi conduct basic analysis. In modern times, throughout most of China’s rural economy in the state of bankruptcy, Shaanxi OSS was a more serious nature and man-made disasters also can not escape the fate of bankruptcy. This period saw the emergence in 1929 famine, agricultural production, backward, opium poppy cultivation in a wide area, the distribution of land ownership, population density and uneven usurious exploitation and serious problems, which seriously affected the development of agricultural production in Shaanxi.The second chapter introduces the history of the Bank of Shaanxi Province, the basic business conditions, the distribution of basic organizational structure and business sectors, for the operational capacity of the Bank of Shaanxi Province, the capital reserves have a clear knowledge and understanding. Banks rely on from Shaanxi province to cities and counties and affiliated lenders, relying on grassroots rural credit cooperatives, and the establishment of a more comprehensive network of agricultural credit. Bank lending area of Shaanxi Province, the majority, in addition to other places in Northern Shaanxi Province have been overwritten.Chapter Ⅲ, Chapter Ⅳ focuses on the Shaanxi Provincial agricultural credit business institutions and agricultural credit banks operating mechanism. Loan business organizations by including analysis of credit cooperatives, agricultural warehouses and distribution cooperatives, to understand the bank in Shaanxi Province is through what channels the loans to farmers. The third chapter is more refined analysis of the operational mechanism of agricultural credit bank in Shaanxi Province. Through Loan object types, uses, standards, procedures, and analysis by way of repayment of credit, it can be seen Farmers Bank has established a relatively complete network of agricultural credit, it has rules to follow during operation, better achieve the effect of agricultural credit.The fifth chapter of the agricultural credit bank in Shaanxi Province comprehensive Comments. Shaanxi farmer agricultural credit banks to some extent, rural financial relief, breaking the traditional lending practices, strengthen the financial dealings between urban and rural areas, and promote the development of rural sideline, and establish a model for other farmers (industry) bank. Then, as a new thing, in adverse circumstances and the context in which it also has some shortcomings, such as agricultural credit has been dominated by tyrannical forces farmers to benefit less; less agricultural credit amount, not to resolve agricultural production; agricultural credit complicated procedures harsh conditions, unfavorable agricultural production and development, among others.In short, the bank loan business in rural Shaanxi Province to carry out, as the new agricultural financial behavior, establish a modern financial system, agriculture, farmers lift borrowing difficult for farmers to get rid of usury exploitation, the revival of the rural economy is its fundamental purpose. Therefore, as a reform program, is not only correct, but also represents the direction of historical development, is a rational choice. Although it has shortcomings, but we can not deny its existence value.