Research On The Cold Resistance And Flowering Phenology Of Major Sect. Camellia Species

In recent years, researchers have become to emphasize on the investigation of Sect. Camellia Species because of their economical value and potential energy value. Meanwhile introduction of selection and exploiture of resources usage for those species’cold resistance have also brought to public attention. More researches on cold resistance of Sect. Camellia Species at present focused on tea plant which is full of economy value. Practice of physiological index among all indexes of cold resistance is more frequently. Recently, more than two indexes are generally applied to analyze and select the better species. The methods of cold hardiness tend to be diversity, and its breeding has deep into molecular field. However, research on cold resistance of Sect. Camellia species are rarely to be concerned because most of relevant investigations are focused on species which are high economic value or worthy for appreciation, losing sight of rare species. Three is few researches on horizontal comparison about flowering phenology of Sect. Camellia. This paper was conducted to estimating cold resistance reference to 56 types of Camellia Species, and compared to the findings of research on 2005 in a longitudinal way, figuring out the influence to cold resistance of Camellia Species under different feature of species and change of climate, meanwhile gain the relationship between flowering time and cold hardiness, so as to select the species of hardy and flourishing. Considering the procedure of cultivation and exploiture of resources usage for genetic resources of cold hardiness in future, selecting appropriate species in person played an important role for the further research.The findings of this experiment pointed out although average temperature of JinHua increased slightly because of global warming, the change tendency lacked consistency, characterized by the better plants grew up with the change of time, and the higher cold resistance had. Under force of four level low-temperature (4℃,-5℃,-10℃,-15℃), biochemical or physiological index of Sect. Camellia species are measured, such as leaf area, chlorophyll content, electric conductivity, MDA, SOD, POD, soluble proteins, enabled to find out the regular pattern of their physiological resistance: The cold hardiness was inversely proportional to the electrical conductivity, MDA and chlorophyll ratio, but direct proportion to SOD and POD.After that analyzing and categorizing data by membership function and cluster analysis·, the result enabled to order the species of different cold hardiness and classify into four types in accordance with research sample, namely cold resistance, medium cold-resistance, low-temperature sensitivity and low temperature significant sensitivity. Findings of this experiment are differentiate from which results came from 5 years ago, the mainly changes are between cold resistance, medium cold-resistance and low-temperature sensitivity, low temperature significant sensitivity. It may be partly because the species of low-temperature sensitivity and low temperature significant sensitivity existed to be distributed into overlapped region.Observations on flowering phenology of Sect. Camellia species show that although the flowering time and the last time of Sect. Camellia species was different; the total period was from January to March. Colour of different species was divided into red, pink and individually white, and size was separated from 3cm to 11cm. Blossoming was closely related to climate, but not such close to cold resistance. In general, this lasted approximately 30 days for those well-grown species; some may last for 2 months.