Pathogen Diversity Of Sooty Blotch And Flyspeck From Prinvinces In China

Fungi in the sooty blotch and flyspeck (SBFS) occur in humid temperate, high temperature regions and blemish the appearance of stems, leaves, fruits on hosts. Colonies that form dark mycelial mats are referred as‘sooty blotch’, whereas‘flyspeck’designates clusters of shiny, black, round to ovoid, sclerotium-like bodies lacking a visible mycelial mat. The SBFS fungi colonise the epicuticula wax layer of apple fruits, do not to penetrate the cuticle. Substantial economic losses for growers can result when these blemished fruit are downgraded from fresh market to processing uses. Based on many years research in our laboratory, we hope to get more understanding to diversity of the SBFS, their relationship with hosts, distributions in regions. Representative strains were conducted for sequencing ITS or LSU segments. Combined with molecular phylogenetics and morphology data, we identify and describe related fungi in the SBFS.1. In October, 2009, we did a survey in Shandong, Yunnan, Jiangxi, Henan etc. 347 samples(Stem specimen 98, fruit specimen 249) were collected and conserved. We obtained 185 isolatess from sooty blotch and flyspeck samples.2. The results showed that most of our isolates were identified as the genus Zygophiala, Peltaster, Ramichloridium, Mycosphaerella, Stomiopeltis, Zeloasperisporium, Wallemia, Phaeothecoidiella. Nine new species were found and described, respectively as Z. melia、Z. liaotungensis、Z. citrus、P. luoensis、R. sanmenxiaensis、T. magnolia、P. luochuanensis、P. yuxiensis、P. jinhongensis.3. The genus Zeloasperisporium and Phaeothecoidiella are firstly reproted in China. The genus Zeloasperisporium species are firsyly reported as fungi in the sooty blotch and flyspeck.4. Fungi in different hosts infected with sooty blotch and flyspeck are with highly diversity. Some pathogens such as the genus Zeloasperisporium from other hosts,, show pathogenicity to apples.They are potential reservoir host for apple.