The Influence Of Different Soil And Water Conservation Measures On Soil Moisture And Surface Runoff

This article was based on experiments performed on seven runoff plots in JiangxiEco-science Park of Soil and Water Conservation (SWC). By using the method ofcorrelation analysis, linear regression and grey system analysis and so on, soilmoisture and surface runoff characteristics under six of different soil and waterconservation measures were analyzed. By studying the slope surface soil moisture andsurface runoff characteristics under different soil and water conservation measures,we could reveal the movement and storage of soil moisture, and provide a certainbasis for slope type water flood water and soil conservation construction. The mainconclusions were as follows:（1）Through the study on the seven runoff plots in the experimental zone, itcame to the conclusion that the soil saturation moisture capacity of the six residentialarea of soil and water conservation measures was as follows: citrus+bahia grass fullcovered（1418.31t/hm2）>citrus+bahia grass belt cover（1389.88t/hm2）>citrus+ordinary level terraces (planting grass on ladder wall)（1173.81t/hm2）> citrus+crop transverse slope farming（1140.13t/hm2）> citrus+ordinary level terrace(ladderwall without grass)（1067.00t/hm2）> citrus planted without any other plants（1063.94t/hm2）, and saturation moisture capacity of the six districts under soil andwater conservation measures was better than the CK plots（977.19t/hm2）without anymeasure, and the structure of a plant was more complex, the better the performanceof soil infiltration and water storage performance would be.(2)Through the profile analysis based on the soil on the depth in0to100cmunder different soil and water conservation measures, it was found that the turn ofaverage soil water content of the plots under six measures from high to low was:citrus+bahia grass full covered（23.32%）>citrus+bahia grass belt cover（23.08%）>citrus+ordinary level terraces (planting grass on ladder wall)（18.00%）> citrus+crop transverse slope farming（10.68%）>CK plots(9.66%)> citrus+ordinary levelterrace(ladder wall without grass)(8.50%)> citrus planted without any otherplants(8.36%). In soil on the depth of0cm to20cm, citrus+bahia grass strip coveredarea was higher than the water content of the citrus+bahia grass full covered area, the main reason was that the area on the depth of0cm to20cm was the plant root systemdistribution area, plant root absorption and transpiration consuming too much water,and on the depth of20cm to100cm soil layer, the soil moisture content of citrus+bahia grass full covered area was the highest.(3) Based on the study on the rainfall runoff observation data from2005to2009,it could be found that compared with CK plots, the reduction rate of differentmeasures of soil and water conservation on surface runoff was respectively: citrus+bahia grass full covered (59.4%), citrus+bahia grass belt cover (50.4%), citrus+crop transverse slope farming (14.6%), citrus planted without any other plants (8.6%).It could be seen from the order of amount of surface runoff that the more complicatedof the measures of vegetation structure, the smaller the surface runoff would be. Thestudy on surface runoff factors in different plots under the condition of rainfall hadshown that the influence of soil and water conservation measures on runoff was inaspects as follows: surface water depth, runoff decrease, reducing the peak runoff andrunoff lagging. With the development of complex of plants structure, the effect wouldbe stronger.