Effects Of Different Grade Road To The Community Structure And Ecological Benefits Of Pinus Massoniana Forest

This study is based on Pinus massoniana forests which are located in the Changning District of Hunan province. This study Analyses the road construction influence on forest ecosystem service function and discusses the different road types and ecological benefits of forest community structure change, through field investigation combined with the indoor experimental analysis method.And puts forward relevant improvement measures accordingly which can provide scientific basis for public welfare forest construction, management and some basic data.This study selected3kinds of different road types of vertical road boundary in0-30m of Pinus massoniana as the test sample and no road construction interference horsetail Pinus massoniana as a comparison. The main research results show:Different type of road construction have different impacts on the area of Pinus massoniana. The order is:the highway (679.35hm2)> provincial road (549.68hm2)> county road (731.94hm2).Different road types have significant influences on horsetail pine forest growth (p <0.05). For the hight of forest, highway, provincial road have significant difference with control plots(p<0.05), the county road does not have such an obvious difference with the control groups. The tree height order from short to tall is:highway (7.25±0.55m)<provincial road (8.77±0.44m)<county road (10.6±0.54m)<control plots(11.8±0.31m).For the DBH of forest, high-speed road, provincial road, county road have significant differences with control plots(p<0.05).The order of the stand DBH from small to big is:the highway (10.04±0.94cm)<provincial road (13.94±0.93cm)<county road (15.33±0.66cm)<control plots(21.35±0.92cm).The different road types have influence on the vegetation community structure and diversity of species of the Pinus massoniana. For the number of species of the forest stand, the descending order of the number of shrub layer species is:control group(19)>highway(11)>provincial road and county road(both10); While the descending order of the number of field layer species is:the highway(20)> provincial road(11)> county road(9)>control plots(5). For the Simpson Shannon-winner and Gleason index of species diversity, the descending order of herb layer species is: control plots> provincial road> county road>the highway; While for the herb field layer is:highway> provincial road> county road> control plots.The annual ecological benefit value of Pinus massoniana in sides of highway is 150755.01yuan/hm2, the value on sides of provincial road is179217.90yuan/hm2, the value of county road is225485.02yuan/hm2, the value of control plots is276064.78yuan/hm2. Road construction on the Pinus massoniana ecological benefit loss value for: the highway is0.84×108yuan/a, the provincial road is0.30×108yuan/a, county highway is0.19×108yuan/a. Effects of various types of road can be calculated after the construction area by using GIS technology, are used to calculate the construction of forest ecological benefits road after annual loss value. According to the order of: Highway (0.85×108yuan/a)> provincial highway (0.53×108yuan/a)> County Highway (0.37×108yuan/a). In general, as a sort of total value of Pinus massoniana ecological benefit loss of different types of road construction:Highway (1.69×108yuan/a)> provincial highway(0.83×108yuan/a)>(0.56×108yuan/a). This shows that, with the increase of road, forest ecological benefit value of cauda equina decreased.