| The main problem encountered in the production process of strawberry in China as follows, high production cost, large workload, high labor intensity, high irregular fruit rate, high pesticide residue, low level of production operations management and so on. This experiment combined with China’s national conditions to solve the problems above. This experiment based on strawberry elevated cultivation designed a type of infiltrating irrigable culture system that useing simple material and choose several type of organic substrate, which can be easily founded.According to the different mixing ratio into soilless cultivation substrate, the main experimental results are as follows:1. Infiltrating irrigable culture system had simple structure, convenient installation, low cost, energy conservation and environmental protection. During the growth of strawberry, the system worked stable. And this system connected to the microcomputer control switch in order to regulating the watering time, which is based on the need of water and fertilizer in different time and weather conditions. Cultivation groove was setted in mid-air, which had no contact with the soil surface, could decrease the chance of contact with the pathogen, ventilate, and effectively prevent the diseases and insect pests.2. In the experiment of the effect of spent mushroom compost and sphagnum compound substrate proportion on strawberry, with spent mushroom compost as check, the effects of different proportions of spent mushroom compost and sphagnum in the compound substrates on the growth, yield and quality of strawberry were studied with the variety Fengxiang as material. The three substrate compounds in mass are as follows:CK(spent mushroom compos: sphagnum=1:0); T1(spent mushroom compos:sphagnum=15:1); T2(spent mushroom compos: sphagnum=23:1). Contrast to pure spent mushroom compost, which physic and chemical properties are stable, strawberry changed relatively stable in the whole process of cultivation. But as a result of substrate EC value too high, it had influence on the effective absorption of nutrients of strawberry. Experiments showed that the substrate with sphagnum, which physical and chemical properties more suitable for the growth of strawberry root system, better storage and transport water and nutrients. The strawberry in mixed substrate had better stem diameter, leaf area, reducing sugar, vitamin C, soluble protein and fruit production than contrast. T1is best in three treatment.3. In the study of the effect of rice husk and bark compost substrate to strawberry soilless cultivation, strawberry varieties was HongJia as test materials. The ratio of various treatments in accordance with the volume for the T1(peat:vermiculite:perlite=2:2:1)、T2(peat: vermiculite:perlite=5:3:2)、T3(peat:vermiculite:perlite=5:4:1)、T4(bark compost:rice husk:vermiculite=2:2:1)、T5(bark compost:rice husk:vermiculite=5:3:2)、T6(bark compost: rice husk:verrmiculite=4:5:1). Before establishment the physical and chemical properties of the substrate were processed into the scope of the normal growth of strawberry. In the whole process of strawberry cultivation, the processing of the physical and chemical properties were changed, but in appropriate range. Normal substrate Tl, T2, T3only peat supplied nutrients. EC and pH were low. Substrate T4, T5, T6contains rich N, P, K organic matter. EC and pH were high. But the ability of holding water was weak. The strawberry in normal substrate T1, T2, T3had stronger growth potential and higher production. But the strawberry in rice husk and bark compost substrate T4, T5,T6had better root activity and better fruit quality. The content of soluble sugar, soluble protein, vitamin C of strawberry in rice husk and bark compost substrate is higher than that in normal substrate T1, T2, T3. During the entire bearing period the content of soluble solids in T4, T5, T6was higher than that in T1, T2and T3in significant difference. |
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