| Handeliodendron bodinieri is the first national protection species which distributed on the border of Guangxi and Guizhou in our country. It is a good biomass energy which can be used in gardening、greening and conservation of water and soil. It has wide value in the development and utilization. The research studied on the flowering phenology characteristics such as flowering、pollination、fructification、seed production and the regularity of the physiological and biochemical changes during the process of seed germination. It lays a solid scientific foundation for the discussions of endangered mechanism and physiological mechanism of seed germination of H. bodinieri. The results proved:(1)H. bodinieri was dioecious plant, the female flowers and plants were not too many, most of its flowers were pseudohermaphroditism. The blooming period of H. bodinieri was in the mid to late of April, the period of its full blossoming was in the beginning of May, the end of its flowering was in the mid to late of May. The anthesis of male inflorescence was about30days, the anthesis of female inflorescence was about15days. Male and female single-flowered anthesis was about5-6d, they all had five stages:flowers in bud、begining to sprout、the bud swelling and white petals forming、unfolding、full blossoming and fading. The stamens of male flowers had stretched out before the petals opened. The apex of stigma had stretched out when the female flowers was in bud. In the periods of H. bodinieri flowers begining to sprout、the bud swelling and white petals forming and unfolding, the pollen viability of male flowers was up to90.5%, losing its viability after three days; the stigma of female flowers could be receptied in bud, lost its receptivity after four days.(2) According to the bagging experiment、pollen-ovule ratio、outcrossing index, a preliminary deduction as the following:the breeding system of H. bodinieri was belong to the type of obligate xenogamy and partially self-compatible, it might exist the apomixes phenomenon. H. bodinieri required the participation of pollinators in the process of pollination, the main pollinators were bees and flies. Anemophily had obviously effect on its pollination. The male flowers were bigger and brighter than female, so more pollination insects choosed male plants, it caused lower visiting frequency among the female plants. Moreover, there were many rainy days in the period of H. bodinieri full blooming, it would affect the activity of pollinators. Pollen might also be reduced because of the rain. In natural, the inflorescence average fruit-set rate was little as23.3%, the final setting was only6.2%, the number of seeds in single fruit had bigger influence on the transverse diameter of fruit.(3) In the process of H. bodinieri seed germination, Soluble sugar content showed a trend of falling after rising, Soluble protein content showed a trend of declining after rising. The changes between the content of them had a significant and negative correlation. The activity of POD and SOD showed a trend of rising, they had a very significant and positive correlation; the content of MDA showed a trend of declining, it had a significant and negative correlation with POD and SOD activity. The CAT activity showed a trend of increasing before reducing, the trend was not obviously in the middle and late period, it had no significant correlation with POD and SOD activity. At the beginning of the seed germination, new POD and SOD isozyme was produced, in the middle period, radicle was extending gradually, POD and SOD isozymes increased rapidly in the types and quantities, in the late, radicle continued to extending, cotyledon was unfolding gradually, both of SOD and POD had the new enzyme synthesized. |
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