Investigation Of Horn Flies Habits And Their Infection Of Parabronema Skrjabini

Parabronema skrjabini, whose intermediate host is Haematobia titillans and Haematobia irritans, is a kind of parasitic nematodes in camel abomasum. The study was carried out to investigate the living habits of horn flies and it’s infection situation of Parabronema skrjabini in main camel breeding area in our country. The living habits of horn flies in different areas, different time, and different climate were observated; Meanwhile, the horn flies which nuisance camel were collected and Parabronema skrjabini larvae in the horn fly body were identified by biological analysis technology and molecular biology techniques; The infection rate and infection intensity of Parabronema skrjabini in the horn flies was counted; Then combined with the climate condition of sampling locations, it was analyzed that the horn flies distribution, the proportion of males and female Parabronema skrjabini and the infection situation of Parabronema skrjabini; At the same time, the insects on or around the horn flies were identified to investigate the environmental and biological factors which impact horn flies’ habits. The results showed that:horn flies development was complete metamorphosis, and larvae growth and development depended on the feaces. Adults lived on camels and other ruminant animal’s body surface in group, by sucking blood; The flies flied away when scattered, then they came back again; they were subjected to climate, and liked warm days and sun rather than cold ones and wind. The average infection rate of Parabronema skrjabini in horn flies was17%, among of which it was28.78%in Bayannaoer, while it was5.22%in Xilinguole; Haematobia titillans was19.62%, while Haematobia irritans was10.10%; Female flies was15.94%, while male flies was19.10%. The maximum infection intensity of was73per fly, and the average infection intensity was7.24per fly. Haematobia titillans were regarded to be the dominant species in the surveying areas. In Bayan Nur,92.72%of insects were Haematobia titillans, while it was56.57%in Xilin Gol. The infection rate of horn flies to Parabronema skrjabini was relatived with the percentage of Haematobia titillans. The proportion of male and female horn flies present the inverse ratio with the average month temperature of sampling site. The growth and development of the horn flies were effected by Sepsis cynipsea, Macrocheles sp. and some other insects. All the above supplied important theoretical foundation for understanding the development process of the Parabronema skrjabini in its propagation medium——horn flies and the prevention and control measures of the camel Parabronema skrjabini disease.