The Structure And Function Of The Morphological Characters Of Fur Of The Male Siberian Weasel(Mustela Sibirica Manchurica)

Animals’body function and external morphology are changed by the living environment in the long surviving course; any changes in environmental factors will have an impact on physiological mechanisms animals. Through a series of animals change their characteristics, making it more perfectly adapted to their environment, such as changing their color, and shaping other exterior conditions of the environment to adapt to the seasons or the living environment of vegetation changes. In recent years, though the animals’coat microstructure research has made great progress, but for the weasel’s research focuses on the coat insulation properties, the study of male weasel species in Northeast Asia as the research object, trying to explain the weasel coat limbs arising from changes in environmental adaptability function. The20sampled Siberia weasels are selected from TongHe forest,Xiaoxinganling area, winter weasels and summer weasels respectively10. They are selected respectively from July to September and from October to January. The microscopically morphological characters such as hair length, hair diameter, medullary diameter, medullary index, ratio of medulla-absent proportion and the average distance among scales are measured. The results show that:(1) the length of the distal limbs straight guard hair is shorter than the proximal extremities, and the difference is significant. While in winter the straight guard hair are longer than the summer, and the difference is significant.(2) Whether the weasel’s straight guard hair in winter or summer, the diameter on the distal extremities is greater than the proximal extremities, which enhances the protective effect of the straight guard hair on the animal’s body; the straight guard hair diameter in the distal extremities in winter is less than in summer due to the surrounding environment in summer has become more complex than in winter, and the hair is more worn than winter.(3) The medullary diameter of distal limbs hair is greater than the proximal extremities, and the medullary diameter in winter is greater than the summer. Because the weasel is the seasonal molting animal, so the ratio of medulla-absent proportion has no significant difference in different seasons. The medullary index is an important indicator of the animal’s coat insulation performance, and therefore the fluff medullary index of the weasel in different seasons is significantly different.(4) The average distance among scales of the straight guard hair is smaller than the fluff; the average distance of the weasel in winter is less than the summer; the hair of the weasel in summer is more worn than the hair in winter and the hair on the distal forelimb is more worn than the hair on the proximal forelimb.