Effect Of Water-saving Treatment On Roots And Leaves Growth, Fruits Qualities Of Apple

With early maturing apple varieties ’Gala’ and late maturing varieties ’Fuji’ in Weifang as materials, treated with water-saving of buried brick, reducing irrigation frequency from6times/year of the general management of irrigation to4times/year of the test irrigation, the effect of water-saving treatment on roots and leaves growth, fruit physiological indices of apple were investigated.1Water-saving treatment could significantly affect the soil water content and soil compaction. In the case of other soil conditions were basically same, water-saving treatment made the soil water content of Fuji and Gala higher than conventional irrigation, at23,30d after irrigation, the soil water content of Gala had significant difference compared with the control trial. Water-saving treatment could kept soil looseness, at140d after full bloom, the soil compaction of Gala was significantly different, water-saving treatment made the soil water content and soil compaction of Fuji differences were not significant.2Water-saving treatment made total root length, root surface area, root volume of Fuji and Gala greater than the conventional irrigation. Root growth of Fuji was obviously promoted by water-saving treatment, total root length and root surface area of Fuji had larger growth rate.3At the same days after full bloom, whether it was fruited or fruitless, the leaf area, length, width, perimeter and length-width radio of Fuji were less than respective control trial, while the leaf shape factor of Fuji was opposite. For Fuji and Gala, the transpiration rate and the stomatal conductance were significantly inhibited, the intercellular COaconcentration was enlarged greatly by water-saving treatment, moreover all of them had obvious difference compared with the control trial. Although water-saving treatment promoted the net photosynthetic rate of Fuji, it wasn’t different.4Treated with water-saving of buried brick didn’t affect the normal growth of apple trees, to a certain extent, improved the internal and external fruit quality. For the external fruit quality, fruit shape index, coloring percentage, glabrous index of Fuji and Gala were higher than their respective control trial, while the stain index was less, moreover their fruit shape index and coloring percentage were greatly different. For the internal fruit quality, firmness, soluble sugar content, acid content and sugar-acid radio of Fuji and Gala were obviously different.