Effects Of Different Fertilization On Fertility Of Reclaimed Soil And Corn Growth

A pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of two kinds of organic material (weathered coal, sheep dung) and NPK fertilizers combined application on the growth of corn, chemical, biological, physical properties of the soil in reclaimed soil, the results were showed as follows:Weathered coal and NPK fertilizers combined application promoted the growth of corn, dry matter accumulation amount, NPK accumulation amount and chlorophyll accumulation amount of corn’s aerial parts in the reproductive period were higher than control group in different degree, both dry matter accumulation amount and nutrient accumulation amount were less at three leaf stage, they reached the maximum at the mature stage. When the fertilizer dosage was fixed, the variation trend of dry matter accumulation amount and NPK accumulation amount was consistent in each stage, they raised with the increase of weathered coal dosage; When the weathered coal dosage was fixed, accumulations were reaching the maximum when N was0.36g/kg and P2O5was0.12g/kg.When weathered coal32g/kg, N was0.36g/kg and P2O5was0.12g/kg combined application, compared with the control group, dry matter accumulation amount and NPK accumulation amount increased by4.1times,5.9times,6.3times,8.9times. When weathered coal was16g/kg, N was0.36g/kg and P2O5was0.12g/kg combined application, chlorophyll accumulation amount increased by1.7times. Sheep dung and NPK fertilizers combined application promoted the growth of corn evidently, its the variation trend was same as weathered coal and NPK fertilizers combined application.Weathered coal and NPK fertilizers combined application increased amounts of soil organic matter, total N, effective N, effective P, effective K, and increased the soil fertility in different degree. Amounts of soil organic matter and total N were reaching the maximum when weathered coal was16g/kg, N was0.24g/kg and P2O5was0.08g/kg at the physiological maturity stage, they increased by6.1times,3.7times. The variation trend of effective NPK increased firstly, then decreased, reaching the maximum at tasseling stage. The maximum was reached when weathered coal was16g/kg.Effect of sheep dung and NPK fertilizers combined application was evident on soil chemical quantity, its the variation trend was consistent, the maximum was reached when sheep dung was32g/kg, N was0.24g/kg and P2O5was0.08g/kg. After weathered coal and NPK fertilizers combined application, effect of each treat reached the significant level on soil organic matter amount, it was better than corresponding sheep dung and NPK fertilizers combined application.(P<0.05).Weathered coal and NPK fertilizers combined application increased activities of soil urease, alkali-phosphatase, soil catalase and amount of edaphon. When the fertilizer dosage was fixed, soil urease activity raised with the increase of weathered coal dosage at third leaf stage, sixth leaf stage, tasseling stage and physiological maturity stage, the maximum was reached when weathered coal was32g/kg; When weathered coal dosage was fixed, the maximum was reached when N was0.24g/kg and P2O5was0.08g/kg at third leaf stage, the soil urease activity raised with the increase of weathered coal dosage at third leaf stage, sixth leaf stage and tasseling stage, the maximum was reached when N was0.36g/kg and P2O5was0.12g/kg,they compared with fertilizer application alone reached significant difference. When the fertilizer dosage was fixed, soil urease and alkali-phosphatase activity raised with the increase of sheep dung dosage at third leaf stage, sixth leaf stage and tasseling stage; When sheep dung dosage was fixed, with the increase of fertilizer dosage soil urease and phosphatase activity increased firstly, then decreased, reaching the maximum when N was0.24g/kg and P2O5was0.08g/kg. However, soil urease and alkali-phosphatase activity raised with the increase of fertilization at the physiological maturity stage. The effects of fertilization on soil catalase activity was more obviously at the third leaf stage.Through scanning electron microscopy scanned soil particles of different treatment with different times, observing the morphological changes, it showed that weathered coal,sheep dung and NPK fertilizers improve the soil structure effectively, promoted the soil granular structure formation and increased the aggregate size, promoted the small pore of soil forming reunion body and hierarchical pore structure of Inter aggregate macropore.