Studies On The Growing Development And The Carbonan And Nitrogen Metabolism And Its Relationship To Leaf Quality In Sun-cured Tobacco In Jilin

Abstract: During the year2012to2013,the study was conducted in Jilin Nong’anCity of Jilin Province. In the study, the growing development, the activity variation ofthe key enzyme in the metabolism of carbon and nitrogen, the accumulation andtransformation rules of carbon compounds and nitrogenous compounds wereresearched preliminarily, the chemical composition, aroma and smoking results. Andidentified the dominant phase and transformation point of carbon and nitrogenmetabolism of sun-cured tobacco’ leaves growth process in Jilin, meanwhile usedstepwise analysis method to establish a mathematical model of carbon and nitrogenmetabolism and the quality indicators of sun-cured tobacco samples modulated.Preliminary results of the pilot study are as follows:1. The field agronomic traits and the blade organizational structure changed`of Jilinsun-cured tobaccoAs it can be seen from agronomic traits and dry matter accumulation of Jilinsun-cured that green-yellow-leaves and large-leaves-yellow better, however, thedifference in treatment between them is not obvious. From the organizational structureof the three varieties blade can be seen the large-white-flowers blades thickness thangreen-yellow-leaves and large-leaves-yellow,and its leaf tissue is also more looselatter, the difference in development of the organizational structure between green-yellow-leaves and large-leaves-yellow is not obvious. But according tolarge-white-flowers field observation, it poor disease resistance in the late.2. The basic rule of carbon and nitrogen metabolism of Jilin sun-cured tobacco growthprocessThe higher GS enzyme activity of Jilin sun-cured tobacco middle leaves is green-yellow-leaves,and upper leaves is large-leaves-yellow. Low-nitrogen fertilizer topromote upper leaves GS enzyme activity increased of green-yellow-leaves andlarge-leaves-yellow, large-white-flowers GS enzyme activity was not obvious impacton fertilizer response. Between the three varieties under low nitrogen conditions, themiddle leaves of the large-leaves-yellow GDH activity was the highest, and the enzyme activity was still strong in mature, Mature middle leaf of the three varietiesare under low nitrogen conditions, the GDH activity is higher. For amylase, the lownitrogen treat middle leaves make the amylase reach peak earlier than conventional.The green-yellow-leaves and the large-leaves-yellow tobacco grow more vigorous,and green-yellow-leaves middle leaves have a higher Inv activity under conventionalfertilization, while large-leaves-yellow’s is under low nitrogen fertilizer. Upper leaffertilization, the Inv activity is no significant difference among the three varieties.Large-white-flower’s chlorophyll content has maintained a high level of conventionalfertilization, the leaves remain green In the late growth, and can not properly fallingyellow and mature.3, the variation of the main carbon-containing compounds and nitrogen compoundsThe total nitrogen content of Jilin Sun-cured tobacco decreased with the growth,especially in the late, and the lower amplitude under low nitrogen levels is more thanunder conventional. The three varieties of two kinds of fertilizer levels, their nicotinecontent accumulated slowly with the tobacco leaves mature, the Large-white-flower’snicotine content is higher than others in the late of the three varieties, middle leaves ofthe green-yellow-leave’s nicotine content was higher under low nitrogen than underconventional in late, and upper leaves of the large-leaves-yellow’s nicotine content isthe opposite. With the growth of tobacco,total sugar and reducing sugar graduallyaccumulate interim, and then gradually decrease. The large-leaves-yellow’s indexunder conventional fertilization is ideal in the overall, the green-yellow-leave’s indexis better under low nitrogen than under conventional and the large-white-flower’s ispoor performance.4,The carbon and nitrogen metabolism transition point of Jilin sun-cured tobaccoThe three varieties of sun-cured tobacco in tow fertilization conditions,theirmiddle leaves carbon and nitrogen transformation period all occurred inafter-transplanting60-70d, and the upper leave’s is in after-transplanting70-80d, butbetween fertilization, species, position there were differences in the conversion timeof nitrogen metabolism to carbon metabolism.5,The relationship of carbon and nitrogen metabolism and tobacco leaves quality ofJilin sun-curedJilin sun-cured tobacco under low nitrogen fertilizer than under conventionalfertilizer, the three varieties were decreased chlorine content, potassium content wasincreased, the total nitrogen content were lowering of small amplitude. The large-leaves-yellow and green-yellow-leaves of Jilin sun-cured which under lownitrogen fertilization were ideal, and the green-yellow-leaves was best.Through the carbon and nitrogen metabolism and the analysis of the chemical ofthe gradual analysis can discovery that Jilin sun-cured tobacco carbon and nitrogenmetabolism and the total sugar on the middle and upper leaves, reducing sugar,nicotine and total sugar/nicotine ratio all reached a significant level.The carbon andnitrogen metabolism and the nicotine content of middle leaves had significancemaximum. The carbon and nitrogen metabolism with the total sugar content of upperleaves had significance maximum, and with the total sugar/nicotine ratio of upperleaves followed by Significant.The correlation between of sun-cured tobacco leaf carbon and nitrogenmetabolism with various parts the smoking quality of various parts there were somedifferences. The carbon and nitrogen metabolism with both the aroma quantity,concentration, irritation, aftertaste and ash color achieved a significant level, amongthem, the carbon and nitrogen metabolism with the irritant of middle leaves thatsignificant was most significant, and the upper leave’s was the carbon and nitrogenmetabolism with the ash color.