The Biological Improvement Of Camellia Meal And The Application In Dairy Cow Breeding

This aims of experiment was provided a scientific basis for the feed used of camellia meal through the improvement of the camellia meal forage quality, as well as the effect in the research of cow breeding trials. The experiment contains the following four parts:(1) Camellia meal for detoxication with hot water;(2) Selection of the optimal fermentation strain;(3) Optimization of solid-state fermentation conditions of bacillus subtilis on process of camellia meal;(4) effect on the dairy cow breeding trials with fermented camellia meal.Experiment1:Camellia meal for detoxication with hot water. Through the single factor designs, the optimal detoxification process for camellia mael were found to be at80℃and1:3(W/V) for4hours with twice. The Camellia mael had12.94%crude protein,31.13%total sugar content with low nutrition loss,16.89%crude fiber and less than4%camellia saponin after detoxication which met the requirement. The camellia meal can not only be as part of the compound feed added to the diet directly, but also to produce multienzyme or SCP with soybean cake and bran by microbial fermentation to improve nutrition value after detoxification.Experiment2:The selection of the optimal fermentation strain; Bacillus subtilis was selected as the optimal fermentation after the experiment which based on fermented Camellia Cake nutrition analysis in the content of crude protein, protein, crude fat, crude fiber and tea saponin.Experiment3:optimization of solid-state fermentation of bacillus subtilis process of camellia meal. The measurement indexes of fermentation are the small peptide of production. The effect on the fermentation culture by medium composition was inspected and the final medium composed40%soybean,10%bran and50%camellia meal. The fermenting conditions such as temperature, initial PH, the ratio of material to water were studied, and compared the response surface method (RSM) and genetic algorithm based on artificial neural network (ANN-GA) to the optimum conditions. The conclusion showed the small peptide yield as high as8.99%at37.8℃with the PH8.02when the ratio of material to water is70.33%.Experiment4:The experiment of the camellia meal fermented by mixed bacteria. On the basis of pre-experiment which the camellia meal was fermented by single bacteria, the mixed bacteria were used to ferment the medium mixed by camellia meal, soybean and bran. The results showed that the suitable inoculation proportion and strain combination for fermentation of camellia meal were Bacillus subtilis&trichoderma viride and the radio of the two is4:5at31.8℃with the PH in7.00, the ratio of material to water is60.66%. After fermentation, the small peptide of production increase to9.04%whiles the fiber of production decrease to14.49%which means the production could be used as extender for fodder for the cows added into dairy diet.Experiment5:the effect on the cow breeding trials with fermented camellia meal. In this trial, the Holstein cow was fed with diets in which part of soybean were replaced by15%,30%and45%camellia meal. The result showed that camellia meal replacement did not affect milk yield. And compared with the control group:the milk yield, butterfat content of experimental group increased and there was a significant difference (P<0.05), the milk protein of experimental group increased and there was a very significant difference (P<0.01); the blood sugar level of experimental group increased and there was a very significant difference (P<0.01), the urea nitrogen content of experimental group decreased and there was a very significant difference (P<0.01). The price of each ton of Camellia Cake is differs by1135yuan from the soybean. Feeding the Holstein cow with Camellia Cake can effectively reduce the cost and worth to large-scale application.