The Design And Research On The4U-1000Potato Harvester

Gansu province has a long planting history，the planting scale is the second largestin China and it is one of the three largest potato and commodity potato production basesin China.plays a decisive role in promoting the development of agricultural economy inGansu province. In recent years, with the leap development of the potato industry, themechanization of potato harvest levels has far not met its industry development,especially Gansu province potato planting environment is complex, the supportingproblems of models and rural existing large number of small and medium-sized powertractor are caused more and more attention. Based on the investigation and research ofGansu potato mechanization harvest degree, the Gansu province potato plant in plotsand small area of hillside, the hard combination the existing power with harvestingmachines lead to low mechanization degree. Now various types of harvesting machinesface the prevailing problems that the damage rate is high, the obvious rate is low,harvesting machine is easily blocking, so it seriously restricts the development of potatoindustry.Comprehensively considering the special geographical environment of Gansuprovince potato planting area, all film double furrow potato planting pattern andtechnical problems of mechanical harvesting, a jitter chain potato harvester matchedwith wheeled tractor machine is developed, this dissertation mainly researches on thefollowing aspects:（1）Based on Gansu province potato planting mode and operation index, formulatedthe overall design scheme of potato harvester.（2）Researched physical and mechanical properties of potato and mechanical damagemechanism, to provide the guarantee for the following work.（3）Determined main parameters of potato harvester, the key components arecalculated. By blocking problem in the test block, the exiting integral level shovel were improved, designed a new type of fixed shovel separable bionic digging shovel, thelength of blade is463mm, the dip angle of shovel surface is20°. In finite structure size,to improve the soil detachment rate, designed a good jitter conveying separating device,the line speed of elevator chain is1.7m/s, the dip angle of lifting chain is22°.（4）According to the speed of tractor output shaft, determined the power transmissionproject. When potato harvest machine operated, it walked forward by TheDongfanghong-300(30horsepower) tractor. Selected the low-speed Ⅱoperation,when tractor output shaft speed was540r/min, Gear box adopted a pair of bevel gear, itstransmission ratio is1.32. The main parameters of gear and sprocket were calculated indetail and completed stress analysis and strength check.（5）A bionic shovel three-dimensional entity model was established in Solidworkssoftware, the static performance of bionic digging shovel is analyzed and simulated byusing software Simulation analysis system, including the analysis of deformation, stressanalysis and fatigue curve. Which can concluded the X direction displacement was0.0138mm, the Y direction displacement was0.245mm. The maximum stress of X axisdirection appeared near the blade tip position, its value was96.516MPa. The high stressof Y axis appears in the shovel surface bending position, its value was14.332MPa.（6）The performance of conveying separating device influenced the performance ofpotato harvester, However, parameter optimization in conveying separating devicelacked the corresponding test analysis. The prototype4U-1000potato harvest wascompleted, the field experiments were conducted in Tonganyi town of Dingxi city ofGansu province in2012October. The test data and analysis results show that when the wobble wheel amplitude was10mm, the lifting chain line speed was1.3m/s, the liftingchain angle was21°, which were best parameter combination. At this time, the damagedrate of potato digger was less than4%, the soil detachment rate was between73%and81%, which were in accordance with the relevant standards and regulations.